中国滇芎属花粉形态及叶表皮微形态特征的研究  

Pollen Morphology and Leaf Epidermis Micro-morphological Characters of Genus Physospermopsis in China

作　　者：许新锐 周颂东[1] 何兴金[1] XU Xinrui;ZHOU Songdong;HE Xingjin(Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,成都610064

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2021年第5期766-774,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31872647,32070221)。

摘　　要：利用扫描电镜对伞形科滇芎属7个种的花粉与叶表皮形态进行了观察与研究,其中3种滇芎属植物的花粉形态为首次报道,7种叶表皮微形态为首次报道,为滇芎属的种间关系与属下系统发育研究提供参考资料。结果表明:(1)滇芎属7种植物花粉形态分为菱形、椭圆形、近矩形等3种,极面观的形状则有三角形、三角圆形以及钝三角形;花粉极轴与赤道轴的比值P/E为1.22~2.07,体积大小指数为16.59~19.26;萌发孔位置为角萌发孔,赤道面纹饰皆为脑状纹饰。(2)滇芎属7种植物叶表皮细胞轮廓均不清晰,只有木里滇芎的叶表皮细胞为规则的多边形,角质膜具不规则的条纹纹饰;滇芎、丽江滇芎、紫脉滇芎、波棱滇芎的气孔只分布于远轴面;气孔的形态为椭圆形或卵圆形,气孔器长为14.90~25.40μm,宽为9.76~17.49μm;依据叶表皮的微形态特征,可以将滇芎属的各个物种区分开来。(3)波棱滇芎和小滇芎为两个独立的物种,亲缘关系最近。(4)花粉形态和叶表皮微形态对解决滇芎属的种间分类问题具有重要参考价值。The pollen and leaf epidermis morphology of seven species of Physospermopsis in Apiaceae were observed by scanning electron microscope,the pollen morphology of three species of Physospermopsis was first reported,and the leaf epidermis micro-morphology of seven species was first reported,which provided reference materials for the research on the interspecific relationship and phylogeny of Physospermopsis.The results indicated that:(1)the pollens of seven species of Physospermopsis are rhombic,ellipsoidal,and sub-rectangular,the polar shapes include triangular,triangular-rounded and blunt triangular.The ratio of pollen polar axis to equatorial axis P/E is 1.22-2.07,and the size index is 16.59-19.26.The position of the aperture is the goniotreme,the equatorial sculptures are all cerebroid.(2)The contours of leaf epidermal cells of seven species of Physospermopsis are not clear,only the leaf epidermal cells of P.muliensis are regular polygonal,and the ornamentation of cuticle has irregular stripes.The stoma of P.delavayi,P.shaniana,P.rubrinervis and P.obtusiuscula are only distributed on the abaxial plane.The shape of the stoma is elliptical or ovate,the length of the stoma is 14.90-25.40μm,and the width is 9.76-17.49μm.According to the micro-morphological characteristics of leaf epidermis,the species of Physospermopsis can be distinguished.(3)P.obtusiuscula and P.kingdon-wardii are two independent species with the closest relationship.(4)Pollen morphology and leaf epidermis micro-morphology have important reference value for solving the interspecific classification of Physospermopsis.

关 键 词：伞形科 滇芎属 花粉形态 叶表皮 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：Q944.5[生物学—植物学]