碱性亚硫酸盐法预处理工艺对竹纤维制备的影响  

Effect of Alkali-sulfite Pretreatment on Preparation of Bamboo Fiber

作　　者：赵鹤[1] 盛志明 冯富奇 陈礼辉[1] ZHAO He;SHENG Zhiming;FENG Fuqi;CHEN Lihui(College of Material Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学材料工程学院,福州350000

出　　处：《家具》2021年第3期14-18,共5页Furniture

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0600802);福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JT180111)。

摘　　要：为提高竹纤维制备的效率和降低生产成本,以绿竹为原料,通过设计正交试验研究了预处理方案对竹片的预处理得率和磺酸基含量、竹纤维的制得率和白度的影响规律,得到较佳预处理工艺为:氢氧化钠和亚硫酸钠的用量分别为4%和6%,处理温度140℃,保温时间为120 min。较佳工艺条件下竹纤维的平均长度和宽度分别为23.82mm和0.17 mm,拉伸强度和模量分别为(734.28±6.67)MPa和(55.39±5.79)GPa。通过XRD、FT-IR和SEM分析可知,竹片经预处理后纤维素的晶型未破坏,纤维束之间分离较彻底,降低了后续机械处理对纤维束的损伤;因此制备的竹纤维力学性能较好且表面较光滑,但纤维长度和长径比较小。In order to improve the efficiency and reduce the production cost of the preparation of bamboo fiber,using green bamboo as raw material,orthogonal experiments were conducted to study the effect of the pretreatment scheme on the pretreatment yield and sulfonate content of bamboo chips,preparation rate and whiteness of bamboo fiber. The optimal pretreatment technology was obtained as follows:additive amount of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfite was 4% and 6%,the pretreatment temperature was 140℃,and the holding time was 120 min. Under the optimum conditions,the average length and width of the prepared bamboo fibers were 23.82 mm and 0.17 mm,respectively,and the tensile strength and modulus were 734.28 ± 6.67 MPa and 55.39 ± 5.79 GPa,respectively. Through XRD,FT-IR and SEM analysis,it can be known that the pretreatment process did not destroy the crystal shape of cellulose,and the separation between fiber bundles was relatively thorough,which reduced the damage to the fiber bundles by subsequent mechanical treatment. Therefore,the bamboo fiber prepared by this method has better mechanical properties and relatively smooth surface in addition to the relatively small fiber length and length-width ratio.

关 键 词：碱性亚硫酸盐法 预处理 竹纤维制备 

分 类 号：TS664[轻工技术与工程]