春播芝麻一穴双株栽培模式研究  

Study on Double Plants in One Hole Planting Mode of Spring Sowing Sesame

作　　者：桑利民 崔彦芹 周波 许利民[4] 王殿清[5] 郭元章[2] 桑燕 徐桂真[2] SANG Li-min;CUI Yan-qin;ZHOU Bo;XU Li-min;WANG Dian-qing;GUO Yuan-zhang;SANG Yan;XU Gui-zhen(Institute of Crops,Chengde Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Chengde 067000,China;Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050035,China;Yangyuan Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Yangyuan 075800,China;Longhua Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau,Longhua 068150,China;Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of Hohhot City,Hohhot 010051,China;Kuancheng Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Bureau,Kuancheng 067600,China)

机构地区：[1]承德市农林科学院农作物研究所,河北承德067000 [2]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北石家庄050035 [3]阳原县农业农村局,河北阳原075800 [4]隆化县农牧局,河北隆化068150 [5]呼和浩特市农业技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [6]宽城县农牧局,河北宽城067600

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2021年第2期41-45,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家特色油料产业技术体系芝麻石家庄综合试验站建设项目(CARS-14-2-01);河北省现代种业科技专项(19226349D);河北省农林科学院创新工程项目(2019-4-3-4)。

摘　　要：为探索春播芝麻高产的最佳栽培模式,以芝麻品种冀航芝2号和冀9014为试材,栽培模式设一穴双株宽窄行(宽行行距80 cm、窄行行距60 cm,密度16.7万株/hm^(2))、一穴双株等行距(行距80 cm,密度16.7万株/hm^(2))和一穴单株等行距(CK,行距60 cm,密度13.5万株/hm^(2))3个处理,研究了不同栽培模式对芝麻植株生长、根系发育、病害发生及产量的影响。结果表明:与CK相比,一穴双株栽培模式在株高、主茎始蒴高度、叶面积和根系发育上具有优势,病害发生种类和程度变化不大,茎粗、千粒重和单株生产力有所降低,但产量较高。在密度为16.7万株/hm^(2)的一穴双株栽培条件下,冀航芝2号和冀9014采用宽窄行种植的株高、叶面积、始蒴高度、根系发育、千粒重、产量等均优于等行种植,其中千粒重分别增加了8.3%和3.2%,产量分别增加了7.9%和5.6%。一穴双株宽窄行(80 cm-60 cm)栽培模式更适宜在春播芝麻区推广应用。In order to explore the best planting modes of spring sowing sesame,Jihangzhi No.2 and Ji 9014 were used as the materials,and 3 planting modes were set up,including double plants in one hole with wide and narrow rows(wide row spacing:80 cm,narrow row spacing:60 cm;plant density:16.7×10^(4) plants/hm^(2)),double plants in one hole with equal row(row spacing:80 cm;plant density:16.7×10^(4) plants/hm^(2)),and one plant in one hole with equal row(row spacing:60 cm;plant density:13.5×10^(4) plants/hm^(2),CK).The effects of different cultivation models on plant growth,root development,disease and yield were analyzed.The results showed that compared with CK,the plant height,initial capsule height of main stem,leaf area and root development of double plants in one hole planting mode were superior.The species and occurrence degree of disease had little change,the stem diameter,1000 seeds weight and productivity per plant decreased,but the yield was higher.Under the plant density of 16.7×10^(4) plants//hm^(2),the plant height,leaf area,initial capsule height,root development,1000 seeds weight and yield of wide and narrow row planting were better than those of equal row planting.The 1000 seeds weight increased by 8.3%and 3.2%,and the yield increased by 7.9%and 5.6%,respectively.The double plants in one hole planting mode with wide and narrow row(80 cm-60 cm)is more suitable in spring sowing sesame area.

关 键 词：芝麻 春播 栽培模式 一穴双株 产量 

分 类 号：S565.3[农业科学—作物学]