立足法治思维的日本法教育——在解决冲突中体悟规则(法律)的意义与作用  

Law-Related Education in Japan based on the Legal Thinking:Contemplationof the Meanings and Functions of Rule(Law)by Resolving Conflicts

作　　者：沈晓敏[1] Shen Xiaomin(College of Teacher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教师教育学院国际与比较教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2021年第6期43-51,共9页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2019年度教育学一般课题“中学生冲突解决能力培养研究”(BEA190109)的部分成果。

摘　　要：日本法教育研究会在其2004年报告书中将"培育支撑自由公正社会的法治思维"作为基本目标,要求儿童从小开始理解何谓"自由公正的社会",法律和司法制度具有什么意义和作用,并基于这些理解,审慎地思考自己、他人和组织的行为是否恰当、怎样做才是恰当的。案例1"操场上的纠纷"与案例2"自来水供应与生存权"展现了日本法教育的特色:法治思维的培养从青少年早期就开始起步,重视对法律(规则)普遍原理的理解,可通过引发多种不同看法的冲突情境培养法治思维。日本法教育的理念、内容和方法值得我国关注与研究。In 2004, Law-Related Education Study Group(LRESG) in Japan released a report, in which LRESG stated that its basic goal was to cultivate the legal thinking, on which a free and just society is founded. In this report, children are also required to understand from an early age what is a"free and just society", what is the meaning and functions of the legal and judicial system, and then based on this understanding, to think carefully whether the behaviors of themselves, others and an organization are appropriate, and how to be appropriate. Two cases are described in this paper to show the characteristics of Law-Related education in Japan: cultivating the legal thinking from the early youth, valuing the understanding of the general principles of law(rules), and developing the legal thinking through conflict situations that trigger a variety of different perspectives. The two cases are"disputes on the playground"(Case 1) and"water supply and right to life"(Case 2). The concept, content and method of Japanese legal education deserve our attention and research.

关 键 词：法治教育 法治思维 日本 

分 类 号：G631[文化科学—教育学]