下颌覆盖义齿短微型种植体与标准长度微型种植体效果比较  

Comparison of effects between short and standard mini dental implants for mandibular overdentures

作　　者：郭苏伟 王蕻雁 赵祥鹤 GUO Suwei;WANG Hong-yan;ZHAO Xiang-he(Department of Stomatology,Beijing Fengtai Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine,Beijing 100072,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市丰台中西医结合医院口腔科,北京100072

出　　处：《中国口腔颌面外科杂志》2021年第3期253-257,共5页China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

摘　　要：目的:比较下颌覆盖义齿短微型种植体(mini dental implant,MDI)与标准长度MDI修复牙槽嵴重度萎缩无牙颌患者的效果,为临床应用提供参考。方法:选择进行下颌覆盖义齿短MDI和标准长度MDI修复的无牙颌患者60例,分为短MDI组(30例)和标准MDI组(30例),比较2组基线、术后1周和1年种植体周围组织临床指标,术后1年种植体存活和成功情况,种植体修复并发症发生情况以及患者满意度。采用SPSS 20.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:短MDI组术后1年种植体周围边缘骨吸收量(marginal bone loss,MBL)和探诊深度(probing depth,PD)小于标准MDI组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);短MDI组术后1年改良菌斑指数(modified plaque index,MPI)和改良出血指数(modified bleeding index,MBI)显著小于标准MDI组(P<0.05);短MDI组术后1年种植体存活率和成功率高于标准MDI组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);标准MDI组种植体修复并发症总发生率显著高于短MDI组(P<0.05);短MDI组在种植体稳定性、咀嚼功能、语言功能、舒适性、美观度的满意度均显著高于标准MDI组(P<0.05)。结论:短MDI应用于下颌覆盖义齿修复牙槽嵴重度萎缩无牙颌患者,术后1年内可获得较满意的临床效果和满意度。PURPOSE: To investigate 1 year follow-up results of short mini dental implant(MDI) and conventional-size MDI for mandibular overdentures, and to provide reference for clinical application. METHODS: Thirty edentulous patients undergoing short MDI and 30 edentulous patients undergoing standard MDI were enrolled. The baseline data, clinical peri-implant indicators, implant survival and success rate, implant complications and patient satisfaction were com-pared between the two groups. SPSS 20.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The marginal bone loss(MBL) and probing depth(PD) of short MDI group 1 year after implantation were less than those in standard MDI group, but with no significant difference(P>0.05). The modified plaque index(MPI) and modified bleeding index(MBI) 1 year after implantation in short MDI group were significantly less than those in standard MDI group(P<0.05). The 1-year implant survival rate and success rate of short MDI group were higher than those of standard MDI group, but with no significant difference(P>0.05). The total incidence of complications in standard MDI group was significantly higher than that in short MDI group(P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of short MDI group was significantly higher than that of standard MDI group in terms of implant stability, chewing function, speech, comfort and aesthetics(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Application of short MDI for mandibular overdentures in edentulous patients with severely atrophied alveolar ridges has higher clinical effect and satisfaction rate.

关 键 词：下颌覆盖义齿 牙槽嵴重度萎缩 无牙颌 短微型种植体 前瞻性队列研究 

分 类 号：R782.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]