马尾松与乡土阔叶树种凋落叶混合分解过程中微生物生物量特征  

Characteristics of Microbial Biomass during the Decomposition of Mixed Foliage Litter from Pinus massoniana and Broadleaved Tree Species

作　　者：张艳 李勋 宋思梦 周扬 张健 ZHANG Yan;LI Xun;SONG Simeng;ZHOU Yang;ZHANG Jian(Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Characteristic Industry Cultivation in Hengduan Mountains Region,Sichuan Minzu College,Kangding 626001,China;Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecological Engineering in Sichuan/Collaborative Innovation Center of Ecological Security in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川民族学院横断山区生态修复与特色产业培育研究中心,四川康定626001 [2]四川农业大学林学院生态林业研究所/生态林业工程重点实验室/长江上游生态安全协同创新中心,四川成都611130

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2021年第4期681-690,共10页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370628);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B05);四川省科技支撑计划项目(12ZC0017);四川民族学院自办科研项目(XYZB2003ZA);四川民族学院康巴文化研究中心项目。

摘　　要：马尾松(Pinus massoniana)因其针叶凋落物分解迟缓而致使林地养分归还慢,严重影响着中国南方林业的可持续发展。营造针阔混交林可改善凋落物组成,促进分解从而提高养分归还。在营造混交林前,了解伴生树种凋落叶与主要树种凋落叶之间微生物生物量特征,有助于认识混交林的微生物群落的变化特征,为实施中国大面积人工纯林生态系统转化为混交林生态系统提供科学依据。将马尾松与3种珍贵乡土阔叶树种(檫木Sassafras tzumu,香樟Cinnamomum Camphora,香椿Toona sinensis)凋落叶混合分解,总共35个处理,对其在分解过程中的微生物生物量特征进行研究,结果如下,(1)马尾松凋落叶与阔叶混合后增加了微生物生物量碳(MBC)和微生物生物量氮(MBN)的含量。MBC在马尾松+香樟组合中6꞉4和马尾松+檫木+香椿组合中7꞉1꞉2最为显著。MBN在马尾松+香樟+香椿组合中6꞉2꞉2和6꞉1꞉3比例最为显著。(2)微生物生物量碳在大部分处理中表现出加合效应,少数处理在第一年为拮抗作用而在第二年为协同作用。MBN的非加和效应均体现为显著的协同作用,且在前3个分解时期尤为显著之后降低。马尾松+香椿和马尾松+檫木组合中阔叶占30%—40%、马尾松+香樟+香椿组合中7꞉1꞉2和6꞉2꞉2比例表现出协同作用。拮抗作用主要出现在马尾松占较大比例而香椿凋落叶占较小比例的组合中。(3)分解系数k值、凋落叶初始性质(N、P、MBN、MBC、木质素/N)与微生物生物量混合效应呈显著相关。与其他阔叶相比,马尾松与香椿和香樟凋落叶混合更能增加MBC和MBN的含量呈协同效应。相比于其他组合,马尾松+香樟+香椿组合中阔叶占较大比例也许更有利于增加微生物生物量,促进整个凋落叶的分解,尤其是马尾松+香樟+香椿组合中7꞉1꞉2、6꞉2꞉2。若仅从引入阔叶树种后能促进林地凋落物分解的角度考虑,香樟和香椿Pinus massoniana litter have seriously affected the sustainable development of forestry in southern China because of its slow decomposing of needle leaf litter and slow nutrient return of forest land.Construction of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest can improve the composition of litter,promote decomposition and increase nutrient return.To understand the microbial biomass characteristics between the litter of the associated tree species and the litter of the main tree species before the establishment of mixed forests is helpful to understand the change characteristics of the microbial community in the mixed forest.It provides a scientific basis for the implementation of large-scale artificial pure forest ecosystem into a mixed forest ecosystem in China.Therefore,in the present study,a total of 35 treatments were performed to study the microbial biomass characteristics during the mixed decomposition process of P.massoniana and three precious native broad-leaved tree species litter leaves(Sassafras tzumu,Cinnamomum camphora and Toona sinensis).The results indicated that:(1)The content of microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN)was increased after the P.massoniana litter mixed with broad leaves.MBC was significantly higher in 6꞉4 in the combination of P.massoniana+C.camphora and 7꞉1꞉2 in the combination of P.massoniana+S.tzumu+T.sinensi,and MBN had the highest of 6꞉2꞉2 and 6꞉1꞉3 in the combination of P.massoniana+C.camphora+T.sinensis.(2)Microbial biomass carbon exhibited additive effects in most treatments,and a few treatments were antagonistic in the first year and synergistic in the second.The non-additive effect of MBN showed a significant synergy,and it decreases after the first three decomposition periods are particularly significant.Broadleaf accounted for 30%‒40%of P.massoniana+S.tzumu and P.massoniana+T.sinensis,7꞉1꞉2 and 62꞉2 of P.massoniana+C.camphora+T.sinensis combination all showed synergistic effects.The antagonistic effect mainly appeared in the co

关 键 词：微生物生物量 混合凋落叶 马尾松 协同作用 拮抗作用 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学] X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]