剑麻紫色卷叶病田间调查和其传病因子的分析  

Field Investigation of Sisal Purple Leaf Roll Disease and Its Disease-carried Factor Analysis

作　　者：刘后伟[1] 廖章鹏 李瑞莹 洪利鹤 李霖枫 黄标 姚小华 LIU Hou-wei;LIAO Zhang-peng;LI Rui-ying(College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Guangdong AIB Polytechnic,Guangzhou,Guangdong 511368;School of Life Sciences,Jiaying University,Meizhou,Guangdong 514011)

机构地区：[1]广东农工商职业技术学院热带农林学院,广东广州511368 [2]嘉应学院生命科学学院,广东梅州514011 [3]广东湛江农垦东方红农场农科所,广东湛江524251

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第11期132-138,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东农垦产业链末端有机质废弃物高值利用核心技术协同创新中心项目(粤教职函〔2019〕109号);2020广东省科技创新战略专项资金(大学生科技创新培育)(pdjh2020b10-74);广东省教育厅2020年度普通高校重点科研平台和项目(20202DZX2091)。

摘　　要：对湛江农垦成龄和幼龄剑麻紫色卷叶病田间调查发现,一般抗病苗与普通苗发病率为18%~33%,之间无显著差异,而高抗病苗能有效对抗紫色卷叶病(发病率近0);列联表分析表明剑麻的抗病、发病、死亡等现象不是相互独立的随机事件,存在未知关联;根据田间剑麻种植布局,每株周围剑麻分为直接接触和非直接接触两类,调查发现直接接触生病剑麻数量水平决定了发病率高低(相关系数为0.976),每增加一株病麻,剑麻发病率提高13.6%,而非直接接触生病剑麻数对发病率的影响呈弥散状,说明直接接触传染是紫色卷叶病扩散的重要因素;无论是单块成龄或幼龄剑麻田,还是二者合并,紫色卷叶病发病率分布都存在不发病和高发病2个峰,推测存在2种以上的因子影响剑麻发病,为此提出抗病因子和非抗病因子2个因子共同决定剑麻紫色卷叶病的双因子模型,这2类因子的相互作用决定了剑麻染病、恢复、再染病、再恢复的循环,能够解释目前紫色卷叶病表现。Field investigations of purple leaf curl disease of sisal in Zhanjiang,Guangdong of China revealed that the incidence rates of plants grown from common resistant seedlings or non-resistant seedlings fluctuate were between 18%and 33%,and there were no significant differences between them.The high resistant seedlings were effectively against purple leaf curl disease,the incidence rate was nearly 0.Contingency table analysis showed that disease resistance,disease incidence and death of sisal were not independent random events,but had unknown associations;according to the planting layout of sisal in the field,each plant around the sisal was divided into direct contact and non-direct contact two categories.The survey found that the number of sick sisal within direct contact sisal determined the incidence of purple leaf curl disease(correlation coefficient=0.976,slope=13.6%),but the influences of the number of sick sisal within non-direct contact sisal were much weak,which indicated that direct contact infection should be an important route in the spread of purple leaf curl disease.For the distribution of the incidence rate of purple leaf disease had two peaks with zero incidence and the highest incidence,it was speculated that there were more than two factors affecting the incidence.The two-factors model was proposed to explain the cycle of infection,recovery,re-infection,and re-recovery at all stages of sisal’s life.Therefore,we put forward the two-factors model of sisal purple leaf curl disease,which was jointly determined by the interaction of disease-resistant factors and non-disease-resistant factors.The interaction of these two kinds of factors determined the cycle of infection,recovery,re-infection and recovery of sisal hemp,and could explain the current performance of purple leaf curl disease in field.

关 键 词：田间调查 紫色卷叶病 发病率 直接接触传染 传病因子 

分 类 号：S435.63[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]