刺松藻中甾醇的提取、结构分析及调节血脂活性研究  

Extraction,Structural Analysis and Regulation of Blood Lipid Activity of Sterols from Codium fragile

作　　者：王燕 李小翠 王丹丽 徐萍 赵玉勤 陈荫 WANG Yan;LI Xiao-Cui;WANG Dan-Li(School of Food Science and Pharmaceutics of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学食品与药学学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期309-315,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81673349);2019年浙江省公益技术应用社会发展项目(LGF19D060004);2018年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(20180340017);2018年浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(新苗人才计划)(2018R411048)。

摘　　要：采用乙醇回流和皂化的方法提取刺松藻中的甾醇,并以磷硫铁作为显色剂,利用分光光度法对其进行定量分析。并采用正交试验设计,考察料液比、提取温度、提取时间以及乙醇浓度对回流提取结果的影响。采用红外光谱对甾醇提取物进行定性分析,并通过GC-MS确定甾醇的结构。为探讨刺松藻甾醇的调节血脂功效,建立高脂高糖小鼠模型,选定不同剂量的甾醇提取物灌胃小鼠。研究表明,刺松藻中甾醇回流提取的最佳条件为:乙醇浓度95%、料液比1:20、提取时间4 h、提取温度90℃,甾醇含量为2 mg·g^(-1)。GC-MS分析表明主要刺松藻中主要含有胆甾醇,24-乙基-胆甾-5,23-二烯-3β-醇和24-甲基-胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇乙酸酯。刺松藻甾醇尤其中高剂量条件下能有效降低高脂模型中小鼠的体重、肝重及肝系数,对小鼠血清中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平有改善作用,降低动脉硬化指数(AI)。综上表明,刺松藻甾醇具有调节血脂的作用。In this study,to research and utilize the sterol in Codium fragile,the extraction technology of sterol was confirmed by ethanol reflux and saponification.The spectrophotometric method was developed to determine the content of sterol using phosphorus sulfur iron solvent as chromogenic reagent.The orthogonal test was used to study the influence of ethanol concentration,solid liquid ratio,extraction time and temperature to the yields of sterol.IR and GC-MS was used to analyze the structures of the sterol.To investigate the alleviative effects of phytosterol from C.fragile on lipid metabolism,the hyperlipidemia model mice were established by feeding a high fat and sugar diet,and different doses of sterol extracts were given to mice by gavages.The optimum extraction process was determined as follows:ethanol concentration was 95%,liquid-solid was 1:10,extraction time was 4 h,and extraction temperature was 90℃.Three sterols were identified by IR and GC-MS.They were cholesterol,24-ethyl-cholesta-5,23-dien-3 β-ol and 24-methyl-cholesta-5-en-3β-ol acetate.In the animal experiment,compared with the hyperlipidemia model group,the results showed that especially medium and high dose groups could significantly decrease the contents of weight,liver weight,liver coefficient and AI,improve TC,TG,LDL-C levels and HDL-C levels.In conclusion,phytosterol from codium fragile can reduce blood lipids in mice especially at high doses.

关 键 词：刺松藻 甾醇 提取工艺 正交试验 高脂血症 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]