深水拖网捕捞绞车系统设计与试验  

Design and Test of Deep-Water Trawl Winch System

作　　者：王志勇[1,2] 徐志强 江涛 WANG Zhi-yong;XU Zhi-qiang;JIANG Tao(Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,Shanghai 200092;Key Laboratory of Ocean Fishing Vessel and Equipment,Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092 [2]农业部远洋渔船与装备重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期353-357,共5页Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD13B02)。

摘　　要：为满足深水拖网捕捞需要,研制了深水拖网绞车系统,设计深水拖网绞车额定拉力为60 kN,绞车滚筒容绳量为2500 m,平均起网速度为100 m·min^(-1)。分析了拖网绞车曳纲张力和速度控制系统的结构原理,完成了主回路液压泵站和液压马达的参数选型设计。以绞车曳纲张力为控制目标,设计了拖网恒张力控制系统,系统通过设定减压阀压力值,调节先导溢流阀开口大小,改变液压马达进出口的压差实现控制液压马达扭矩恒定,保证拖网过程中张力恒定。该拖网绞车系统在远洋渔船上开展了试验和应用,实验海域水深200~510 m,拖网过程中渔船拖速在3.2~3.5 kn左右,拖网绞车工作压力为12.5~17 MPa,渔船拖网时间为2 h。试验结果表明该深水拖网绞车参数性能达到了设计要求,能满足882 kW拖网渔船开展深水捕捞需求。In order to meet the need of deep-water trawl fishing,a deep-water trawl winch system is developed.The system is designed that trawl winch rated pull of 60 kN,capacity of 2500 m,and an average hauling speed of 100 m·min^(-1).The hydraulic driving circuit of deep-water trawl winch is designed,and the parameters of the main circuit hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor are analyzed.Taking the tension and speed of trawl warp as control objectives,the structure and principle of traction tension and speed control system of trawl winch are analyzed.The trawl winch controlled by hydraulic motor constant torque using proportional pressure reducing valve and the proportional relief valve to changing the pressure difference between inlet and outlet of hydraulic motor.The trawl winch system has been tested and applied on an ocean fishing vessel.The water depth of the sea area is 200-510 m,the towing speed is about 3.2-3.5 kn,the trawler′s working pressure is 12.5-17 MPa,and the trawler′s trawling time is 2 h.The operation performance of winch is fully verified by sea experiment,the test result shows that the parameters and performance of the deep-water trawl winch meet the design requirements,which can meet the deep-water fishing requirements of 882 kW trawler.

关 键 词：深水捕捞 拖网绞车 液压控制 速度控制 恒张力 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]