纳斯鲍姆对自然主义女性角色论的批评  

Nussbaum’s Criticism of Naturalist Theory of Female Role

作　　者：左稀[1] Zuo Xi(Xiangtan University,411105)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学哲学系

出　　处：《哲学评论》2020年第1期213-228,共16页Wuda Philosophical Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“纳斯鲍姆伦理学与政治哲学的情感之维”(15CZX050)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：性别差异常常被看作一种自然的现象,亚里士多德便论证了男女两性差异的自然性、必然性和应然性。在他眼中,守护家庭是女人天生的使命。纳斯鲍姆通过论证女性专属情感和行为模式的社会建构性,否认了女性家庭角色的自然性。然而,对自然主义女性角色论的批评并未使她深陷性别本质论与反本质论的争议,通过提出一种单一的、双性化的、低限度的理想人性规范,她为愿意选择传统角色的女性提供了选择空间,并力图解决女性主义者更应关心的根本性问题。Gender differences are often seen as a natural phenomenon.Aristotle demonstrated the naturalness,necessity and normativity of gender difference between men and women.In his eyes,guarding the family is a woman’s natural mission.Nussbaum denies the naturalness of women’s family roles by demonstrating the social constructiveness of women’s proper emotional and behavioral patterns.However,her criticism of naturalist theory of female role does not make her deeply involved in the controversy of gender essentialism and anti-essentialism.By proposing a single,unisex and minimal ideal of human nature,she provides a space for women who perfer to choose traditional roles,and tries to solve the fundamental problem feminists should be more concerned about.

关 键 词：纳斯鲍姆 自然主义 女性角色 

分 类 号：B82-051[哲学宗教—伦理学] C913.68[经济管理]