中国古代经学逻辑方法衡论  

The Logical Methodology of Ancient Chinese Confucian Classics

作　　者：郎需瑞 Lang Xurui

机构地区：[1]南开大学哲学院,天津300350

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第3期133-143,共11页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：贵州省2019年度哲学社会科学规划国学单列课题(19GZGX31);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助项目(63202056)。

摘　　要：中国古代经学逻辑是指古代经学典籍注笺与经义阐释过程中的推理论证理论方法、规则及其实践的集合。中国古代经学逻辑方法往往与"类""推"相关,主要包括易学"类同""类聚"等基础上的"推类",春秋学中"明类例"基础上的"推其例",诗经学"取类"基础上的"类推",等等。上述经学逻辑方法有其自身的"规范性"要求,不可随意而推。与西方传统逻辑,尤其是亚里士多德以"是"为核心的逻辑方法不同,中国古代经学逻辑更加重视"类"的考察与运用,由此而形成的"类"思维在经学体系的构建中起到了工具作用,彰显出"求善"与"求治"的价值旨归。The logic in ancient Chinese Confucian Classics refers to the collection of theoretical methods, rules and practices of reasoning and argumentation in the process of studying and interpreting the ancient classics. The logic methods of ancient Chinese Confucian Classics are often related to"lei"and"tui", including:"tui lei"on the basis of"similarity"and"type aggregation"in the study of The Book of Changes;the"analogy"on the basis of"class cases"in the study of The Spring and Autumn Annals;and"analogy"on the basis of"differentiating type relations"in the study of The Book of Songs. These logical methods of Confucian Classics have their own"normative"requirements, which cannot be arbitrarily deduced. Different from western traditional logic, especially Aristotle’s logic method with"being"as the core, ancient Chinese Confucian logic paid greater attention to the investigation and application of"categories". In this context, the thinking of"lei"plays an instrumental role in the reconstruction of the Confucian Classics system, highlighting the value orientation of"pursuing virtues"and"pursuing benevolent governance".

关 键 词：逻辑观 经学逻辑 推类 求治 

分 类 号：B81-092[哲学宗教—逻辑学] K22[历史地理—历史学]