2019年大连市中学生抑郁症状现况及影响因素  

Status and influential factors of depressive symptoms among middle school students, Dalian city,2019

作　　者：何作力[1] 张红亚 李瑞[1] 宋桂荣[2] 刘启贵[2] 雷芳 燕春婷 王润南 章吉威 王智勇[1] HE Zuo-li;ZHANG Hong-ya;LI Rui;SONG Gui-rong;LIU Qi-gui;LEI Fang;YAN Chun-ting;WANG Run-nan;ZHANG Ji-wei;WANG Zhi-yong(Dalian City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Dalian,Liaoning,116021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]大连市疾病预防控制中心,辽宁大连116021 [2]大连医科大学公共卫生学院,辽宁大连116044

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2021年第2期88-91,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：2018年大连市科技创新基金项目(项目编号:2018J13SN108)。

摘　　要：目的了解大连市中学生抑郁症状的状况及影响因素,为制定有效干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,2019年抽取大连市城区和郊县中学生3 159名,使用学生健康行为调查表及流调中心用抑郁量表进行问卷调查。结果 3 159名中学生的流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)平均分为(11.0±9.4)分,抑郁症状检出率为16.18%。遭受校园欺凌、不健康饮食行为个数多、被家长打骂、女生、农村地区、网络成瘾、非常态家庭学生的CES-D总分高,而达到理想睡眠时间、体育课时数多的学生CES-D总分降低(P均<0.01)。农村(OR=1.37)、女性(OR=1.63)、被家长打骂(OR=1.97)、网络成瘾(OR=2.16)、遭受校园欺凌(OR=2.69)均是中学生抑郁症状的危险因素;存在不健康饮食行为的中学生出现抑郁症状的危险性更高,且个数越多危险性越高;上网时长2~3 h(不含3 h)的中学生出现抑郁症状的危险性更高(P<0.05);达到理想睡眠时间、体育课时数多的(3节)中学生出现抑郁症状的危险性更低(P<0.05)。结论 2019年大连市中学生抑郁症状检出率虽然低于国内相关研究,但情况也不容乐观。Objective To understand the status of depressive symptoms and influential factors among middle school students in Dalian city, so as to provide data basis for formulating effective intervention policies. Methods A total of 3 159 middle school students from urban and suburban areas of Dalian city were selected by stratified cluster sampling method in 2019.All the subjects were required to fill in the students’ health behavior questionnaire and the Depression Scale(CES-D). Results The average CES-D score of all 3 159 subjects was(11.0±9.4),and the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 16.18%.The CES-D score of students who suffered from school bullying, unhealthy eating habits, beaten and scolded by parents, girls, rural areas, internet addiction and abnormal families were high, while the CES-D score of students who achieved ideal sleep time and more PE class hours were lower(P<0.01).Rural(OR=1.37),female(OR=1.63),beaten and scolded by parents(OR=1.97),internet addiction(OR=2.16) and school bullying(OR=2.69) were the risk factors for depressive symptoms of students from senior middle school and high school;students with unhealthy eating habits had a higher risk of depressive symptoms, and the more numbers there were, the higher the risk;students who spent 2-3 hours(3 h not included) online were at higher risk of depressive symptoms(P<0.05);students who achieved the ideal sleep time and more hours in PE(3 sections) had a lower risk of depressive symptoms(P<0.05). Conclusion Although the detection rate of depressive symptoms among middle school students in Dalian city is lower than that of domestic related studies, the situation is also not optimistic.

关 键 词：抑郁症状 中学生 影响因素 流调中心用抑郁量表 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学]