易地扶贫搬迁女性移民的社会适应研究——基于宁夏“十三五”不同安置方式的女性移民调查  

A Study on the Social Adaptation of Female Migrants in Poverty Alleviation in Inhospitable Areas——on the Female Migration Survey of Different Resettlement Modes in the 13th Five-year Plan Period in Ningxia

作　　者：张会萍[1] 石铭婷 Zhang Huiping;Shi Mingting(School of Economics and Management,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学经济管理学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏社会科学》2021年第3期163-178,共16页NingXia Social Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目“北方农牧交错带草原生态补奖对农户行为影响及其长效激励机制研究”(项目编号:71763023);国家自然科学基金地区项目“欠发达地区财政扶持村级集体经济:政策影响与运行机制研究”(项目编号:72063027);宁夏大学民族学科建设项目(项目编号:NDMZX2017001)。

摘　　要：易地扶贫搬迁是帮助贫困人口改善生产生活条件的重大举措,作为家庭关系的纽带,女性移民在搬迁后的社会适应水平是进一步确保搬迁群众"稳得住,能致富"的关键所在。尽管参与易地扶贫搬迁促进了女性移民的生计多样化,但经济适应水平并不理想,在四种安置方式中,只有有土安置的女性移民通过搬迁实现了经济适应水平的提升。同时,搬迁推动了女性移民生活方式的转变,其生活适应水平整体较高。而女性移民的心理活动则由于搬迁出现了复杂变化,其心理适应问题凸显。此外,现阶段针对易地扶贫搬迁女性移民社会适应问题的政策缺失,要想巩固脱贫成果,未来应致力于提升女性移民的就业质量,完善安置后续帮扶,并从现实出发提升女性移民的家庭地位。Research from a feminist perspective,using the micro data of poverty alleviation and relocation of female immigrants in Ningxia’s 13 th Five-Year Plan from the economy to adapt to the life and psychological adapt to three aspects,using quasi-experimental evaluation methods,to change of relocation of female migrants social adaptation for poverty alleviation policy research of dynamic evaluation and internal mechanism. The study found that participation in poverty alleviation relocation in inland-lost areas did promote the diversification of livelihood of female migrants,but the level of economic adaptation was not ideal. Moreover,through the comparative analysis of four resettlement methods,it was found that only female migrants with land resettlement achieved the improvement of economic adaptation level through the poverty alleviation relocation policy in inland-lost areas. In addition,the relocation has promoted the change of the lifestyle of female immigrants,whose life adjustment level is generally better,while the psychological activities of female immigrants have complicated changes due to the relocation of poverty alleviation in infrequent places,which gradually highlights the problem of their psychological adaptation.The conclusion of this paper shows that there is a lack of policy on the social adaptation of female immigrants. In the future,we should devote ourselves to improving the employment quality of female immigrants,improving the follow-up assistance of resettlement and improving the status of female migrant families from a practical point of view.

关 键 词：易地扶贫搬迁 女性移民 不同安置方式 社会适应 

分 类 号：C913[经济管理]