生命周期评价在农业环境管理中的进展与挑战  

Progress and Challenge on Life Cycle Assessment Application in Agri-food Section

作　　者：胥刚[1] 罗丹琦 郭晓平 魏昱晴 罗娇 Xu Gang;Luo Danqi;Guo Xiaoping;Wei Yuqing;Luo Jiao(State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;Research Center for Nature Conservation and Biodiversity, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室,兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所自然保护与生物多样性研究中心,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2021年第6期10-13,共4页Environmental Science and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31702174);生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测和评估项目(2019-2023年)。

摘　　要：在过去的20年间,农业生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)研究呈现快速增加态势,研究案例几乎涵盖了世界目前主要农产品,尤其在食物、农场、农业系统等宏观尺度主题中研究数量较多,部分国家与地区已经将LCA应用于相关政策文件之中。但目前也面临着边界界定不一致、基础数据库缺失、评价模型有待完善、结果分配原则不明等方面的局限与挑战,需要国家相关部门或行业协会牵头制订相应的标准,推动LCA在农业环境管理中发挥更重要的作用。In the past 20 years,the researches of agricultural Life Cycle Assessment(LCA)has shown a rapid increase,and the research cases cover almost all the major agricultural products in the world,particularly over macro-scale topics such as food,farm and agricultural system.In addition,LCA have put into effect by relevant policy documents in some countries and regions.However,it is also faced with the limitations and challenges of different boundary definition,lacking of basic database and assessment model,as well as unclear principle of distribution of results,so it is necessary that relevant departments or trade associations of the country to take the lead in formulating corresponding standards,which can promote LCA to play a more important role in the environmental management in agriculture.

关 键 词：生命周期评价 农业环境 清洁生产 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]