烤烟上部叶烘烤过程生化变化规律及其互作研究  

Biochemical Changes and Interaction of the Upper Leaves of Flue-cured Tobaccoes during Curing

作　　者：张洪霏 龙庆祥 龙建华 李安军 艾复清[1,3] ZHANG Hong-fei;LONG Qing-xiang;LONG Jian-hua;LI An-jun;AI Fu-qing(Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Qiannan Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province,Qiannan 558000,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省烟草公司黔南州公司,贵州黔南558000 [3]贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《特产研究》2021年第3期46-49,共4页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(2018012)。

摘　　要：为探寻烤烟上部叶烘烤过程中主要生化变化特性,本研究采用过程调查法,以‘云烟87’上部叶为材料考察烟叶烘烤开始至定色结束主要生化变化规律并分析互作影响。结果表明,1)烟叶在烘烤过程中失水率呈"慢-快-慢"的变化趋势,其中变黄前期-中期、变黄后期-定色中期和定色后期失水量分别为16%、49.86%和4%;2)多酚氧化酶(PPO)的活性呈"降-升-降"的变化趋势,即变黄中期前缓慢下降,随后迅速上升,于变黄末期达到峰值后骤降,至定色后期逐渐趋于稳定;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性变化趋势与PPO相似,但峰值相对提前。丙二醛(MDA)含量呈"慢-快-慢"的增加趋势;3)烟叶烘烤过程中含水量与PPO、MDA的含量在各阶段均呈极显著相关,与SOD活性在变黄后期定色前期分别呈显著负相关、极显著正相关(r=﹣0.794*、0.938**)。综上所述,烟叶在烘烤过程中含水量、PPO、SOD及MDA均呈规律性变化,特别在变黄后期-定色前期烟叶的含水量与各生化指标具有显著的互作效应,因此,上部叶在烘烤过程中尤其应注意变黄后期-定色前期的水分调控。In order to explore the main biochemical changes during the curing process of the upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco,the process investigation method was used to study the main biochemical changes from the beginning of the curing to the end of fixing the color of the upper leaves of’Yunyan 87’and analyze their correlation.The results showed as follows,during the curing process,1)the water loss rate showed a"slow-fast-slow"trend,and the water loss was 16%,49.86%and 4%,respectively,from the early yellowing stage to the middle stage,from the late yellowing stage to the middle stage,and from the late yellowing stage to the late stage;2)PPO activity showed a trend of"downwardupward-down",that is,it decreased slowly before the middle stage of yellowing,and then increased rapidly,and then decreased sharply after reaching the peak at the end of yellowing,and gradually stabilized at the late stage of color fixing;The change trend of SOD activities was similar to that of PPO,but the peak value was earlier;MDA content showed a"slow-fast-slow"increasing trend;3)There was a significant correlation between water content and PPO and MDA content at each stage;And SOD activity were significantly negatively correlated and extremely significantly positively correlated(r=﹣0.794*,0.938**)from late yellowing stage to early color-fixing stage,respectively.In conclusion,the water content,PPO,SOD and MDA of tobacco leaves changed regularly during the curing process,and there was significant interaction between the water content and various biochemical indexes in the late yellowing period and the early coloration period.Therefore,attentions should be paid to the moisture control in the late yellowing period and the early fixed color periods during the curing process of upper leaves.

关 键 词：烤烟 上部叶 烘烤过程 生化规律 相关性 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]