战国兵家社会保障思想探要——以《尉缭子》为中心的考察  

A Probe into Social Security Thought of the Military Strategists in the Warring States Period——An investigation Centered on Wei Liao

作　　者：张申[1] ZHANG Shen(School of History and Culture,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学历史文化学院,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《滨州学院学报》2021年第1期29-40,共12页Journal of Binzhou University

基　　金：河北省2020年研究生创新资助项目“尉缭和《尉缭子》研究”(CXZZBS2020074)。

摘　　要：《尉缭子》被誉为是先秦兵家“集大成之作”,其书虽为兵家论兵之作,但亦较为全面地反映了先秦时期尤其是战国时代的社会保障思想。“重人”是战国时代保障思想的基础,辅以救济、委积储备、后勤保障和均平调均等保障措施,并在军队中构建血缘关系纽带且将其转化为强制性礼制,从而达到获得战争胜利和军事后勤可持续供给的军事战略目标,进而完成维护等级制度的政治目的。战国兵家是我国古代极少兼有君主立法权和官吏执法权的特殊群体,是具有自己思想体系的学术派别,其出发点以人为本,以救民抚众为根本,在追求自身“成功业”政治抱负的同时,不忘以人为本、救抚士民的理想追求,将其融入自身“功业观”并形成具有战国时代特色的兵家社会保障思想。Wei Liao is hailed as the“integrated work”of the military strategists in pre-Qin period.Although it is a masterpiece of military strategists,it also more comprehensively reflects the pre-Qin period,especially the Warring States period.“Emphasis on people”is the foundation of the security thought of the Warring States period,which is supplemented by the supporting measures such as relief,entrusted reserves,logistical support and equalization,building blood tie in the army and transforming it into a mandatory ritual system so as to achieve the military strategic goal of winning the war and the sustainable supply of military logistics,and then accomplish the political goal of maintaining the hierarchical system.Military strategists of the Warring States period are a special group that has both the legislative power of the monarchy and the law enforcement power in ancient China.They are an academic school with their own ideological system,whose starting point is people-oriented,with saving the people and nurturing the people as the foundation.They are pursuing their own political ideal of achieving“successful career”,without forgetting the ideal pursuit of putting people first and saving the people.They integrate them into their own“concept of merit and career”and form the military security thought with the characteristics of the Warring States period.

关 键 词：《尉缭子》 战国时代 兵家 社会保障 重人 功业观 

分 类 号：E892[军事]