哈尔滨香坊区学龄儿童口腔卫生服务利用研究  

Utilization of oral health services for school-age children in Xiangfang District of Harbin

作　　者：郝春秀 张磊[1] 张晓丹[2] 孙佳音 王海越 赵宇[2] HAO Chunxiu;ZHANG Lei;ZHANG Xiaodan;SUN Jiayin;WANG Haiyue;ZHAO Yu(Department of Oral Prevention and Health Care,School of Stomatolo-gy,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学口腔医学院口腔预防保健科,黑龙江150000 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院口腔预防保健科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第5期751-755,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：中央财政重大公共卫生-儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目(2016/005000001)。

摘　　要：目的调查哈尔滨市香坊区学龄儿童口腔卫生服务需要及利用现状,为下一步开展学龄儿童口腔预防保健工作提供参考。方法 2019年9月16日—10月31日,普查哈尔滨市香坊区6~11岁7 944名儿童的口腔健康状况并进行问卷调查,采用描述性分析、χ2检验、非参数检验及Logistic回归分析学龄儿童口腔卫生服务需要及利用情况。结果学龄儿童患龋率为89.7%,龋齿未充填率为60.7%,错牙合畸形率为59.3%,牙外伤率为12.5%。过去12个月中53.8%的儿童有牙痛经历。近12个月内口腔科就医率为31.6%,就医主要原因为治疗(47.6%),预防性口腔就医率为15.6%。多因素Logistic分析表明,女生、父亲学历为高中或中专、父亲学历为大专及以上、口腔健康评价差、口腔知识得分高、口腔态度得分高、每天刷牙1次、每天刷牙≥2次、上过口腔保健课程、有牙痛经历、有牙外伤经历、患龋者更可能到口腔科就诊(OR值分别1.11,1.17,1.50,0.80,1.07,1.21,1.60,2.27,1.28,1.49,1.54,1.67,P值均<0.05)。结论哈尔滨市香坊区学龄儿童口腔卫生服务需要量大、但利用率低、预防性就医率低,多因素影响儿童口腔卫生服务利用,相关部门应通过采取针对性措施,提高学龄儿童卫生资源利用水平。Objective To investigate the oral health service demands and utilization among school-age children in Xiangfang district of Harbin, and to explore the related influencing factors. Methods A total of 7 944 children aged 6-11 were investigated for oral health status through questionnaire survey in Xiangfang District, Harbin. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, nonparametric test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the oral health service demands and utilization of school-age children. ResultsThe rate of caries, unfilled caries, malocclusion and traumatic dental injuries were 89.7%, 60.7%, 59.3% and 12.5%, respectively. In the past 12 months, 53.8% of children had toothache. The rate of seeking medical treatment in stomatology department was 31.6%, with the primary reason being treatment(47.6%), while the rate of preventive dental treatment was 15.6%. Multivariate analysis showed that girls, father’s education being high school or technical secondary school, father’s education higher or equal to junior college, poor oral health evaluation, high score on oral knowledge and oral attitude, brushing teeth once a day, brushing teeth twice a day or more, having attended oral health courses, having toothache experience, having dental trauma experience, suffering from dental caries were more likely to visit the oral clinics(OR=1.11,1.17,1.50,0.80,1.07,1.21,1.60,2.27,1.28,1.49,1.54,1.67, P<0.05). Conclusion In Xiangfang District of Harbin, there is a large demand for oral health services for school-age children, however, both of the utilization rate and the preventive medical treatment rate is low. Many factors affect the utilization of oral health services for children. It is suggested that targeted measures should be taken to improve the utilization level of school-age children’s health resources.

关 键 词：口腔卫生 卫生保健提供 回归分析 儿童 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学] R788[文化科学—教育技术学]