奶牛场中乳房炎相关致病菌的分离与鉴定  

Isolation and identification of pathogens related to mastitis on a dairy farm

作　　者：唐俊妮[1,2] 屈云 赵燕英[2,3] 陈娟[1,2] 朱成林 刘骥[1,2] TANG Jun-ni;QU Yun;ZHAO Yan-ying;CHEN Juan;ZHU Cheng-lin;LIU Ji(School of Food Sciences and Technology,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization of Ministry of Education,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;School of Animal&Veterinary Science,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学食品科学与技术学院,四川成都610041 [2]西南民族大学青藏高原动物遗传资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,四川成都610041 [3]西南民族大学畜牧兽医学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期229-237,共9页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：十三五重点研发项目(2018YFD0500500);四川省科技计划项目(2019YJ0261);西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2020NTD04)。

摘　　要：旨在调查成都市某奶牛场引起乳房炎相关致病菌的流行及分布.通过对患乳房炎病牛乳汁、奶牛乳头、皮毛、牛圈、挤奶车间等部位和生活环境进行样品采集,初步分离奶牛群潜在病原菌,并对筛选得到的菌株进行16S rDNA测序鉴定和分析.结果:在奶牛场共采集样品1 000份,分离得到菌株494株,细菌总分离率为49.40%.分离菌株包括13类.其中,葡萄球菌占64.37%,粪肠球菌占29.15%,为奶牛场主要流行优势菌;另外,变形杆菌、大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、谷氨酸棒杆菌、海氏肠球菌、乳棒状杆菌、克雷伯氏菌、浅绿气球菌、猪粪细菌、尿链球菌、格氏乳杆菌等也有检出.进一步对分离得到318株葡萄球菌共鉴定出18个种,其中,阿尔莱特葡萄球菌(33.65%)、腐生葡萄球菌(12.89%)和溶血葡萄球菌(11.95%)为优势葡萄球菌;在乳房炎奶样中检出了14株金黄色葡萄球菌,以及挤奶器样本中检出了2株金黄色葡萄球菌,其他样本中未检出金黄色葡萄球菌.应加强对奶牛场生产环节致病菌的监测与防控及日常消毒措施.The prevalence of mastitis-related pathogens on a dairy farm in Chengdu was investigated. By collecting samples from cow milk, cow nipples, fur, bullpens, milking workshops and living environment of cows suffering from mastitis, the potential pathogens of the dairy herd were preliminarily isolated, and the selected strains were further identified by 16 S rDNA sequencing and analysis. A total of 1,000 samples were collected from the dairy farm, and 494 strains were isolated. The total bacterial isolation rate was 49.40%. The isolated strains include 13 types, of which, Staphylococcus accounted for 64.37% and Enterococcus faecalis accounted for 29.15%. Staphylococcus and E.faecaliswere the main prevalent bacteria on the dairy farm. In addition, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Corynebacteriumglutamicum, Enterococcus hirae, Corynebacteriumlactis, Klebsiella, Aerococcusviridans, Swine manure bacterium, Aerococcusurinaeequi and Lactococcusgarvieaehad also been detected. The 318 strains of staphylococci were further identified and 18 species were identified. Among them, Staphylococcus arlettae(33.65%), S. saprophyticus(12.89%), S. haemolyticus(11.95%) were the dominant staphylococci. Four strains of S.aureuswere detected in mastitis milk samples;2 strains of S.aureuswere detected in milking machines, and no S.aureus was detected in the other samples.The monitoring, prevention and control of pathogens, and daily disinfection measures in the production process of dairy farms should be strengthened.

关 键 词：奶牛场 乳房炎 致病菌 分离鉴定 16S rDNA测序 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学] TS252.1[农业科学—兽医学]