古茶树种质资源遗传多样性ISSR分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis by ISSR Markers for Germplasm Resources of Ancient Tea Tree

作　　者：刘青[1] 赵德刚[1,2] 赵懿琛[1] LIU Qing;ZHAO Degang;ZHAO Yichen(The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education)/Guizhou University/Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Engineering/College of Life Sciences,College of Tea Science,Guiyang 550025,China;Guiyang Branch Center for DUS Testing of New Plant Varieties of the Ministry of Agriculture of China/Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学山地植物资源保护与种质创新省部共建教育部重点实验室/贵州省农业生物工程重点实验室/生命科学学院/茶学院,贵阳550025 [2]国家农业部植物新品种DUS测试贵阳分中心/贵州省农业科学院,贵阳550006

出　　处：《种子》2021年第5期7-14,共8页Seed

基　　金：山地植物资源保护与种植创新教育部重点实验室(贵州大学)开放课题基金自主项目“三都古茶树种植资源普查鉴定及利用研究”资助

摘　　要：为了解贵州三都水族自治县古茶树的遗传多样性,本实验采用ISSR分子标记对145份古茶树的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行分析。从100条ISSR通用引物中共筛选得到15条多态性好、可重复、扩增清晰的引物,利用筛选到的引物对供试的古茶树基因组DNA进行扩增。结果表明,15条引物共扩增出116条带,其中多态性条带有110条,平均多态性条带比率为94.37%。利用Popgene 32软件计算145份古茶树材料的平均观察等位基因数(Na)为1.9457,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.5293,平均Nei’s遗传多样性指数(He)为0.3126,平均Shannon信息多样性指数(I)为0.4712,遗传一致度为0.4483~0.9655。采用NTSYS-pc 2.1软件构建UPGMA聚类图,在相似系数为0.72时,将145份供试古茶树材料分为四大类,聚类结果与形态学聚类结果相符。该研究为古茶树种质资源的保护、利用及良种培育提供理论依据。In order to understand the genetic diversity of ancient tea trees in Sui Autonomous County of Sandu of Guizhou province,the ISSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic relationships of 145 ancient tea trees.And,the results showed a total of 15 primers with good polymorphism,repeatability and clear amplification were screened from 100 ISSR universal primers.The selected primers were used to amplify the genomic DNA of the tested ancient tea trees.Meanwhile,a total of 116 bands were amplified by 15 primers,of which 110 were polymorphic,and the average ratio of polymorphic bands was 94.37%.The average number of alleles(Na),the average number of effective alleles(Ne)and the average Nei’s genetic diversity(He)were 1.9457,1.5293 and 0.3126 respectively for 145 ancient tea trees calculated by Popgene 32.The average Shannon information diversity index(I)was 0.4712,and the genetic consistency ranged from 0.4483 to 0.9655.Further,The NTSYS-pc 2.1 was used to construct UPGMA cluster diagram.The 145 samples of ancient tea trees were divided into four groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.72,and the clustering results were consistent with the results of morphological clustering.This study provided a theoretical basis for the protection,utilization and cultivation of ancient tea germplasm resources.

关 键 词：古茶树 ISSR分子标记 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]