城市湿地公园建设的生态效应——以济西国家湿地公园为例  

Ecological Effects of Urban Wetland Park Construction--A Case Study at Jixi National Wetland Park

作　　者：杨霄[1] 刘森[1] 贾超[1] 刘扬[2] 于翠翠[2] 朱恒华[3] Yang Xiao;Liu Sen;Jia Chao;Liu Yang;Yu Cuicui;Zhu Henghua(Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China;Shandong GEO-Surveying and Mapping Institute, Ji’nan, Shandong 250002, China;Shandong Institute of Geological Survey, Ji’nan, Shandong 250014, China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学海洋研究院,山东青岛266237 [2]山东省地质测绘院,山东济南250002 [3]山东省地质调查院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2021年第2期162-169,187,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山东大学基础科研业务专项“(人才引进与培养类)”(2019GN057);济南市湿地资源现状调查与生态环境评价项目(2420019002);河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室“一带一路”水与可持续发展科技基金项目(201992011)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析城市湿地形成前后的生态效应,确定影响城市湿地形成发展的关键因素,为城市湿地保护和生态公园的建设提供科学依据。[方法]以黄河下游流域济南市济西国家湿地公园为研究区,以1990—2019年的遥感影像和实地调查资料为数据源,基于GIS平台,通过空间分析土地利用动态度、转移矩阵和景观指数等研究城市湿地的生态效应,利用灰色关联法研究湿地自然变化的驱动因素。[结果]①耕地与生态用地的相互转换是济西湿地主要的土地利用变化类型,建设用地与生态用地的相互转换是次要的土地利用变化类型。景观指数和动植物的变化则表明湿地生态多样性增加。②降水和地下水等水资源与湿地面积变化呈正相关,温度与湿地面积变化呈负相关。[结论]水文气象因素对湿地的自然演化起着重要的作用,是常年性湿地形成的关键。城市规划等人为干扰影响着湿地公园土地利用类型的转化,也是主导城市湿地演变的主要因素。[Objective]The ecological effects before and after the construction of urban wetland were analyzed,and the key factors influencing the formation and development of wetland were determined in order to provide the scientific basis for urban wetland protection and ecological park construction.[Methods]Jixi National Wetland Park of Ji’nan City,Shandong Province,in the lower reaches of the Yellow River was selected as the research area.Remote sensing images and field survey data from 1990 to 2019 were the data sources.Based on the GIS platform,the ecological effects of urban wetlands were explored through spatial analysis of land use dynamics,transfer matrix,and landscape index.The driving factors of wetland change were studied by the grey correlation method.[Results]①The mutual conversion between cultivated land and ecological land was the main type of land use change in the Jixi Wetland,and the mutual conversion between construction land and ecological land was the second type of land use change.Changes in landscape index and flora and fauna indicated an increase in wetland ecological diversity.②The precipitation,groundwater and other water resources were positively correlated with wetland area,while the temperature was negatively correlated with wetland area.[Conclusion]Hydrological and meteorological factors played an important role in the natural evolution of wetlands,and were the key to the formation of perennial wetlands.Human disturbances such as urban planning affected the conversion of land use types in the wetland and were also the main factors leading to the evolution of the urban wetland.

关 键 词：城市湿地 生态效应 演变特征 驱动力 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X37