高速列车车轮与曲尖轨接触分析  

Contact Analysis of High Speed Train Wheel and Curved Switch Rail

作　　者：牛岩 田志鹏 马贺 张军 邹小春 NIU Yan;TIAN Zhi-peng;MA He;ZHANG Jun;ZOU Xiao-chun(Beijing Key Laboratory of Performance Guarantee on Urban Rail Transit Vehicles, School of Mechanical-Electronic and Vehicle Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学机电与车辆工程学院,城市轨道交通车辆服役性能保障北京市重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第15期6422-6428,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51775031);北京建筑大学市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金(X20048);北京建筑大学研究生创新项目(PG2020090)。

摘　　要：为了研究高速铁路曲尖轨磨耗严重的问题,现场实测不同位置处的18号高速道岔曲尖轨型面及不同磨耗程度的高速列车车轮型面,建立车轮-基本轨-曲尖轨有限元模型,进行轮轨弹塑性接触分析,得出如下结论:车轮与尖轨接触状态受车轮磨耗程度与沿尖轨线路接触位置影响;使用标准车轮的情况下,当尖轨与基本轨共同承担载荷时,随着距尖轨尖端距离的增加,尖轨所受最大等效应力呈先增大后减小的趋势,当超过屈服极限时,易造成尖轨飞边;当尖轨单独承担全部载荷时,所受最大等效应力急剧增加,塑性变形加重,侧磨加剧。不同磨耗程度的车轮对尖轨会造成不同损伤,磨耗Ⅰ型车轮易造成尖轨压溃,磨耗Ⅱ型、磨耗Ⅲ型、磨耗Ⅳ型易使尖轨发生飞边,剥离掉块。In order to study the serious wear of curved switch rail of high-speed railway,the curved switch rail profiles of No.18 high-speed rail at different locations and the wheel profiles of high-speed train with different wear degree were measured on site.The finite element models of wheel-basic rail-curve switch rail were established to carry out the wheel rail elastic-plastic contact analysis.The following conclusions are drawn that the contact state between wheel and switch rail is affected by the wear degree of wheel and the position along the switch rail.With the standard wheel,when the switch rail and the basic rail bear the load together,the maximum equivalent stress of the switch rail first increases and then decreases with the increase of the distance from the switch rail tip.When the equivalent stress exceeds the yield limit,it is easy to create a sharp edge for the switch rail.When the switch rail bears all the load alone,the maximum equivalent stress increases sharply and the plastic deformation increases,so the side wear is aggravated.The wheel with different wear degree would cause different damage to the switch rail.The typeⅠworn wheel easily causes the switch rail to crush.The typeⅡ,the typeⅢand typeⅣworn wheel easily cause the switch rail to burr and peel off from the rail.

关 键 词：轮轨接触 曲尖轨 有限元 弹塑性分析 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]