结冰飞机的包线保护与控制裕度研究  

Envelope protection and control margin of icing aircraft

作　　者：徐文丰 李颖晖[1] 禹志龙 郑无计 董泽洪 XU Wen-feng;LI Ying-hui;YU Zhi-long;ZHENG Wu-ji;DONG Ze-hong(Aeronautics Engineering College,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710038,China)

机构地区：[1]空军工程大学航空工程学院,西安710038

出　　处：《控制与决策》2021年第6期1415-1424,共10页Control and Decision

基　　金：国家973计划项目(2015CB755800);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2019JQ-711)。

摘　　要：飞机结冰具有不确定性和随机性,会破坏飞机的动力学特性,威胁飞行安全.针对这一问题,对结冰飞机的安全边界保护和控制裕度计算展开探究.首先,应用可达集方法,将结冰的作用看作不确定性对抗输入,分析结冰对飞机安全包线边界的影响;然后,基于已知的结冰飞机飞行安全包线,提出两种包线边界保护方法,第1种是改进的最优控制边界保护方法,通过引入新型的最优控制保护动作的切换策略消除传统最优控制保护方法的控制量抖振现象,第2种是保留驾驶员操作权限的安全边界保护方法,通过计算安全边界上的可用控制指引驾驶员完成正确的操作,使得飞机飞行状态不超出安全包线;最后,通过实时计算飞机当前状态点的控制裕度对飞机超出包线进行提前预防,指引驾驶员完成安全程度较高的操作,并提出一种新型的控制裕度迭代计算策略,能够有效降低控制裕度计算的保守性.Aircraft icing has uncertainty and randomness, which damages the dynamic performance of aircrafts and threatens flight safety. To solve this problem, this paper studies the envelope protection and control margin calculation of icy aircrafts. Firstly, the effects of icing on the aircraft safety envelope are analyzed by using the reachable set theory,which takes icing as the uncertain adversarial input. Then, based on the known flight safety envelope of the icy aircraft,two envelope border protection methods are proposed. The first is the improved optimal control border protection action,the control chattering phenomenon of the traditional optimal control protection method is eliminated. The second method is the safe border protection method that preserves the pilot’s authority. By calculating the available control on the safety border, the pilot can be guided to complete the correct operation, so that the flight state does not exceed the safety envelope. Finally, the control margin of the current state point of the aircraft is calculated in real time to prevent the aircraft from exceeding the envelope in advance, and to guide the pilot to complete the operation with a high degree of safety. Moreover, a new iterative control margin calculation strategy is proposed, which can effectively reduce the conservatism of the control margin calculation.

关 键 词：结冰飞机 可达集 飞行包线 边界保护 控制裕度 

分 类 号：TP29[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]