海洋石油烃降解菌的固定化及其石油降解性能研究  

Immobilization of a marine petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacterium and its bioremediation of petroleum

作　　者：刘志敏 赵倩倩 王傲 乔文竹 宋东辉 LIU Zhimin;ZHAO Qianqian;WANG Ao;QIAO Wenzhu;SONG Donghui(College of Marine and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry,Tianjin 300457)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津300457 [2]天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室,天津300457

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2021年第6期691-696,746,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金重点项目(No.18JCZDJC10060);国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(No.201910057166)。

摘　　要：以前期分离出的海洋石油烃降解菌Acinetobacter sp.Tust-DM21为供试菌,以海藻酸钠和壳聚糖作为包埋载体对石油烃降解菌进行固定化处理。分析固定化小球的理化性能及石油烃的降解效率,通过四因素三水平的正交实验对固定化条件进行优化。结果表明:4个因素对石油烃降解率的影响程度为pH>NaCl>壳聚糖>海藻酸钠,其中pH为显著影响因素。石油烃降解的最佳条件为海藻酸钠质量分数4%、壳聚糖质量分数1.00%、pH=7、NaCl质量分数5%。对比游离菌剂与固定化小球对模拟油污土壤的处理效果,游离菌剂、固定化小球对石油烃的降解率分别为45.9%、70.6%,可见石油烃降解菌固定化后的降解效率比游离菌大幅升高,在石油污染的现场修复中具有更高的应用价值。The marine petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria Acinetobacter sp.Tust-DM21 was isolated as the experimental strain,and it was immobilize treated with sodium alginate and chitosan as the encapsulation carriers.The physicochemical properties of immobilized pellets and the degradation efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbon were investigated by four-factor and three-level orthogonal test.The results showed that the influence degree of four factors on the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbon was pH>NaCl>chitosan>sodium alginate,among which pH was the significant influence factor.The optimal conditions for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation were as follows:the mass fraction of sodium alginate and chitosan was 4%and 1.00%respectively,pH was 7,and the mass fraction of NaCl was 5%.Comparing the treatment effect of free and immobilized bacterial pellets on simulated oil-contaminated soil,the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbon by free and immobilized pellets were 45.9%and 70.6%,respectively.These results indicated that the petroleum hydrocarbon degradation performance of bacteria was greatly improved after immobilization.The immobilized bacterial pellets would have high applicative potential in the field of petroleum contamination remediation.

关 键 词：石油烃降解菌 固定化小球 海藻酸钠 壳聚糖 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]