基于使用与规则的英语致使交替动词低被动和过度致使研究  

Research on English Under-passivization and Over-causativisation under Usage-based Approach and Rule-based Approach

作　　者：黄媛媛[1] 陈莉萍[2] HUANG Yuanyuan;CHEN Liping

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学外语系,江苏南京211198 [2]南京师范大学外国语学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2021年第3期82-91,149,150,共12页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：2018年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“基于规则与基于使用联合路径下英语致使交替的过度概括研究”(项目编号:18YJC740029);2018年国家留学基金委青年骨干教师出国研修项目(项目编号:201807060031)的研究成果。

摘　　要：本研究针对基于使用和基于规则的语言习得路径之争,以英语致使交替动词为例,参照双向交替机制,采用混合方差分析,考察两种路径下高、低水平大学生动词习得中的低被动和过度致使问题。结果发现,真实动词判断任务中,两水平对部分动词的低被动和过度致使受固化效应影响,而其他动词未受此影响,因为受语义制约,其狭域规则或被充分习得,或习得滞后。与此同时,高水平者易受动词小构式的抽象事件义影响,而低水平者易受动词词汇义和母语规则影响。生造动词判断任务中,高、低水平者受替代效应影响的同时,还分别受构式义和词汇义限制。综上,致使交替动词习得符合基于使用和基于规则的联合发展路径。We focusedon English causative alternation verbs In view of the debate on usage-based and rule-based language acquisition approach and by referring to a two-way alternation mechanism,we examined under-passivization and over-causativisation errors made by high and low level Chinese college students with a mixed design variance analysis.Results show that both levels’under-passivization and over-causativisation errors of some verb classes were influenced by entrenchment effect in real verbs’grammatical judgement task,others were not affected because their narrowrange rules were either fully or badly acquired due to different semantic constraints.Meanwhile,the high level was affected by the abstract event meaning of verb mini-constructions,while the low level was affected by the lexical meaning of verbs and their mother tongue rules.Moreover,both levels were influenced by preemption effect in nonce verbs’grammatical judgement task,but the high and low levels were respectively affected by the constructional and lexical meaning.The above findings indicate the acquisition of the causative alternation verbs conforms to a joint usage-based and rule-based approach.

关 键 词：固化 替代 语义 致使交替 低被动 过度致使 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]