黑水虻对餐厨垃圾养分转化研究  

Study on the Transformation of Nutrients in Kitchen Waste by Black Soldier Fly

作　　者：尹靖凯 龚小燕 孙丽娜 韩梦琦 杨渊 徐晓燕 王小波 YIN Jingkai;GONG Xiaoyan;SUN Lina;HAN Mengqi;YANG Yuan;XU Xiaoyan;WANG Xiaobo(College of Agronomy and Resource and Environment,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300384

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报》2021年第6期154-159,共6页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(201910061017);天津市科技特派员项目(19JCTPJC60400);天津市科技计划项目(19ZYYFSN00010)。

摘　　要：为评估黑水虻对餐厨垃圾资源化利用情况,研究黑水虻幼虫处理餐厨垃圾的生产性能,并分析了最佳生产性能条件下黑水虻对餐厨垃圾转化情况。结果表明:100 g 7日龄黑水虻幼虫处理3.6 kg餐厨垃圾的生产性能最佳,经8 d的转化,餐厨垃圾干物质减少率为74.0%,干物质转化率为33.9%。转化后黑水虻虫体内的粗蛋白和脂肪含量分别为45.1%和48.1%,是原餐厨垃圾中蛋白和脂肪总量的61.3%和64.0%。餐厨垃圾中61.3%的N、71.4%的K被转入黑水虻虫体,60.0%的P、50.4%的Na被转入虫粪中。虫粪pH、电导率、有机质含量较原餐厨垃圾分别提高了22.5%、32.4%和28.9%,N、P、Na的含量也显著提高了13.5%、130.0%和92.9%,K含量没有显著变化。由此可见,利用黑水虻生物转化处理餐厨垃圾是一种可行的高效率、高效益的处理方式。In order to evaluate the resource utilization of black soldier fly to kitchen waste,the best production performance of black soldier fly larvae to treat kitchen waste was screened,and the conversion of black soldier fly to kitchen waste under the best production performance was analyzed.The results showed that:the production performance of treatment of 3.6 kg kitchen waste by 100 g 7-day-old black soldier fly larvae was the best,the dry matter reduction rate of kitchen waste was 74.0%,and the dry matter conversion rate was 33.9%after 8 d coversion of kitchen waste.The content of crude protein and fat in worm was 45.1%and 48.1%respectively,which was 61.2%and 64.0%of the total protein and fat in the original kitchen waste.61.3%of N and 71.4%of K in kitchen waste were transferred into the worm,60.0%of P and 50.4%of Na were transferred into the feces.The pH,EC and organic matter content of the feces were 22.5%,32.4%and 28.9%higher than that of the original kitchen waste,respectively,and the contents of N,P and Na were 13.5%,130%and 92.9%higher,respectively.There was no significant change in K content.The pH,organic matter and N,P,K nutrient content of the feces meet the requirements of China s organic fertilizer standards.These results showed that the biotransformation of black soldier fly was a feasible and efficient way to treat kitchen waste.

关 键 词：餐厨垃圾 黑水虻 减量率 转化率 蛋白质 脂肪 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X705