发动机着陆冲击数据归纳方法及冲击特性分析  

Inductive Method of Landing Shock Data of Aero⁃engine and Shock Characteristics Analysis

作　　者：王茜[1] 雷晓波 WANG Qian;LEI Xiaobo(Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology,Chinese Flight Test Establishment Xi'an,710089,China;School of Aircraft,Xi'an Aeronautical University Xi'an,710077,China)

机构地区：[1]中国飞行试验研究院测试所,西安710089 [2]西安航空学院飞行器学院,西安710077

出　　处：《振动．测试与诊断》2021年第3期601-605,628,共6页Journal of Vibration,Measurement & Diagnosis

基　　金：中航工业联合基金资助项目(6141B05110404)。

摘　　要：为实现对发动机着陆冲击数据的合理归纳,利用能量谱密度以及冲击谱筛选冲击数据样本,结合相关规范标准以及数理统计方法,给出了多架次冲击实测谱与冲击规范谱的归纳方法。开展了某飞机着陆过程发动机机匣冲击测量,获得了配装同一型飞机的两型发动机着陆冲击实测谱与冲击规范谱,分析了同一位置不同方向上冲击特性的差异,以及两型发动机冲击特性的差异。结果表明:同一位置不同方向上的冲击特性差异很大,有可能通过改变设备或结构件的安装方向,降低其冲击损伤风险;不同发动机之间的冲击特性可能存在巨大差异。为此,在开展机载设备或结构件的冲击试验时,在加速度冲击谱(shock response spectrum,简称SRS)规范谱基础上增加3 dB或6-dB的裕量,并结合冲击最大峰值,作为冲击试验的激励图谱,从而使冲击环境试验尽可能包含实际冲击危险载荷。这些分析结论为发动机防冲击设计以及机载设备安装具有一定的指导意义。In order to achieve reasonable induction of landing shock data of aero-engine,the energy spectrum density and the shock response spectrum(SRS)are used to filter the shock data samples,and combined with the relevant standards and mathematical statistics methods,then measured SRS and the normalized SRS are given.By measuring the landing shock data of aero-engine casing,the measured SRS and the normalized SRS of two types of aero-engines installed on the same aircraft are obtained.The differences of shock characteristics in different directions at the same position and in two different aero-engines are analyzed respectively.The results show that the shock characteristics in different directions at the same position may vary greatly,and it is possible to reduce the risk of shock damage by changing the installation direction of equipments or structures.Moreover,shock characteristics of different aero-engines may vary greatly as well.Thus,to ensure that the shock environmental testing of structures could contain actual shock dangerous loads as soon as possible,the excitation in shock testing can combine the normalized SRS with 3 dB or 6 dB margin increase with maximum value of actual shock.The conclusions of this study provide some guidance for shock absorption design of aero-engines and installation of airborne equipments.

关 键 词：着陆冲击 冲击数据归纳 冲击谱 冲击规范谱 冲击特性 能量谱密度 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] V214.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]