黑暗和光照处理对马铃薯块茎愈伤效果影响的比较  

Effects of Dark and Light Treatments on Wound Healing of Potato Tubers

作　　者：魏亚楠 彭慧 杨乾 郑晓渊 唐中祺 朱艳[1] 颉建明[2] 毕阳[1,2] WEI YaNan;PENG Hui;YANG Qian;ZHENG XiaoYuan;TANG ZhongQi;ZHU Yan;XIE JianMing;BI Yang(College of Food Science and Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070;College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2021年第12期2619-2629,共11页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760473)。

摘　　要：【目的】愈伤是马铃薯块茎受损后的典型反应,受外界环境因素影响较大。比较黑暗和光照处理对马铃薯块茎愈伤效果的影响,为马铃薯采后愈伤提供理论支持。【方法】本研究选取‘大西洋’马铃薯原原种为试材,人工切半后用酒精对伤口表面消毒,之后分别在黑暗和光照(11000 lx)条件下进行(20±3)℃常温((95±5)%RH)愈伤。通过测定愈伤期间损伤块茎的失重率及损伤接种Fusarium sulphureum 7 d后块茎的病情指数来评价愈伤效果,观察伤口处聚酚软木脂(SPP)、聚酯软木脂(SPA)和木质素的积累量以及伤口表面的色度变化,分析伤口处苯丙烷代谢关键酶活性和相关代谢产物含量的变化。此外,研究光照和黑暗对伤口处过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性,以及对过氧化氢(H2O2)含量积累的影响。【结果】愈伤期间,黑暗和光照处理的块茎失重率均逐渐升高。黑暗处理显著低于光照处理,愈伤第7天时,分别比光照处理低54.27%和58.96%。愈伤期间,黑暗和光照处理块茎伤口处的SPP和SPA积累量均逐渐增加,黑暗处理促进了软木脂和木质素在块茎伤口处的积累,愈伤第14天时,聚酚软木脂、聚酯软木脂和木质化细胞层厚度分别比光照处理高38.22%、36.76%和14.71%。愈伤期间,黑暗和光照处理块茎伤口表面的L*值和b*值均表现为先下降后上升的趋势。黑暗处理显著降低了伤口表面的L*和a*值,增加了b*值,L*和a*值在愈伤第5天时分别低于光照处理13.51%、32.74%。b*值在愈伤第5天时高于光照处理42.11%。愈伤期间,黑暗处理块茎伤口处的苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性迅速上升,而光照处理的上升缓慢,两种处理块茎伤口处的肉桂酸-4-羟化酶(C4H)活性先上升后趋于平稳,两种处理块茎伤口处的4-香豆酰辅酶A连接酶(4CL)活性先迅速上升后持续下降。黑暗处理块茎伤口处的苯丙氨酸解氨酶、肉桂酸-4-羟化酶、4-香豆�【Objective】Wound healing is a typical reaction in damaged tuber tissue of potato,which is greatly affected by external environmental factors.The effects of dark and light treatments on the wound healing of potato tubers were compared to explore its partial mechanisms.【Method】In this study,the"Atlantic"potato seeds were selected as the test material.After being cut in half and disinfected,the tubers were healed under light(11000 lx)and dark at ambient condition((20±3)℃,RH(95±5)%).The determination was conducted on the basis of weight loss and disease index of tubers after inoculated with Fusarium sulphureum on 7 d during healing to evaluate the efficacy of the wound healing.The accumulation of suberin and lignin,and the chroma at wound sites of the tubers were observed.The activity of the key enzymes of phenylpropanoid metabolism and the activities of peroxidase,polyphenol oxidase and hydrogen peroxide were analyzed in order to explore the partial mechanism of light and dark at the wounded sites of potato tubers.【Result】During healing,the weight loss of tubers under dark and light was increased gradually.Dark treatment significantly decreased the weight loss of wounded tubers and disease index of inoculated tubers,which were 54.3%and 59.0%lower than that under light after 7 d of healing,respectively.Accumulation of suberin poly phenolic,suberin poly aliphatic and lignin of tubers under dark and light were increased gradually during healing.The dark treatment comparatively improved the accumulation of suberin poly phenolic,suberin poly aliphatic and lignin at the wounded sites of potato tubers.The thickness of suberin poly phenolic,suberin poly aliphatic and lignified cell layers was increased by 38.2%,36.8%and 14.7%respectively than that under light treatment after 14 d of healing.During healing,L*and b*values of wounded tuber surface under dark and light was decreased first and then increased.The dark treatment reduced the L*and a*and elevated the b*value of the wound surface of tubers.The L*and a

关 键 词：黑暗和光照 马铃薯块茎 愈伤 苯丙烷代谢 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]