碱提甘蔗皮多糖提取工艺、初步结构及其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用  

Extraction Technology,Preliminary Structure andα-glucosidase Inhibition of Polysaccharide with Alkaline-Extracted from Sugarcane Peel

作　　者：王萱萱 刘春宇[1] 谢贝昱 张淑淑 王丹阳 朱振元[1] WANG XuanXuan;LIU ChunYu;XIE BeiYu;ZHANG ShuShu;WANG DanYang;ZHU ZhenYuan(College of Food Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300457)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学食品科学与工程学院,天津300457

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2021年第12期2653-2665,共13页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0400803);2019年大学生创新创业训练计划(201910057091);天津市研究生科研创新项目(2019YJSB008)。

摘　　要：【目的】建立碱提甘蔗皮多糖的优化工艺,进一步探究其结构特征,并评价其对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。【方法】采用单因素试验和响应面分析法(RSM)对碱提甘蔗皮多糖(SPAP)提取工艺进行优化,采用苯酚硫酸法测定多糖含量。SPAP经Sevag法除蛋白、AB-8除色素后进行结构表征,主要包括高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测多糖分子量分布,气相-质谱色谱仪(GC-MS)进行单糖分析及傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)对官能团进行分析。采用4-硝基苯基-D-吡喃葡糖苷(PNPG)法测定多糖提取物对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。【结果】SPAP的最佳提取条件为提取温度37℃、氢氧化钠(NaOH)浓度5%、料液比1∶46(g·mL-1)、提取次数4次,在此条件下SPAP得率达到10.84%。经除蛋白、色素后,SPAP含量达到86.54%,主要由阿拉伯糖、木糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖4种单糖组成,分子量为3.03×103 kD,可能为吡喃型杂多糖,呈现α或β构型。此外,SPAP表现出良好的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用,其抑制率达到78.31%。【结论】对碱提甘蔗皮多糖进行工艺优化,可有效利用原料、提高产出和效率;由HPLC、FT-IR、GC-MS等方面初步阐述了SPAP的结构特性,同时SPAP对α-葡萄糖苷酶表现出良好的抑制作用,具有一定的降糖潜力,研究结果为进一步研究SPAP的构效关系提供了理论依据。【Objective】The objectives of this research were to establish the optimized technology,further explore the structural characteristics and evaluateα-glucosidase inhibitory effect of polysaccharide with alkaline-extracted from sugarcane peel.【Method】Single factor experiment and response surface methodology(RSM)were used to optimize the extraction process of alkali-extracted sugarcane peel polysaccharide(SPAP).The method of phenol sulfuric acid was used to determine the content of polysaccharide.After deproteinization by Sevag method and depigmentation by AB-8,the structure of SPAP was characterized.The molecular weight distribution,monosaccharide compositions and characteristic functional groups of SPAP were detected by HPLC,GC-MS and FT-IR,respectively.Finally,the method of 4-nitrophenol-2-β-D-glucopyranoside(PNPG)was used to determine theα-glucosidase inhibitory effect of polysaccharide extract.【Result】The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extraction temperature 37℃,sodium hydroxide concentration 5%,ratio of material to solvent 1﹕46(g·mL-1),and extraction times 4 times.Under these conditions,the yield of SPAP reached 10.84%.After removing protein and pigment,the content of SPAP reached 86.54%.Furthermore,SPAP was mainly composed of arabinose,xylose,glucose and galactose,with molecular weight of 3.03×103 kD.It might be a pyran hetero-polysaccharide withαorβconfiguration.In addition,SPAP showed good inhibitory effect onα-glucosidase.The inhibition rate of SPAP reached 78.31%.【Conclusion】The process optimization of alkali-extracted of polysaccharides from sugarcane peel could effectively utilize raw materials and improve the yield and efficiency.The structural characteristics of SPAP were preliminarily described by HPLC,FT-IR and GC-MS.At the same time,SPAP showed good inhibitory effect onα-glucosidase and potential hypoglycemic activity.These results provided a theoretical basis for further study on the structure-activity relationship of SPAP.

关 键 词：碱提甘蔗皮多糖 响应面分析 结构表征 α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用 

分 类 号：TS209[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]