基于三维点云处理的整流蒙皮修配量提取技术  

Extraction Technology of Rectifying Skin Repair Allowance Based on 3D Point Cloud Processing

作　　者：杜坤鹏 梁青霄 周杞鑫 和晓歌 刘元朋 汪俊[2] DU Kunpeng;LIANG Qingxiao;ZHOU Qixin;HE Xiaoge;LIU Yuanpeng;WANG Jun(AVIC Xi’an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd.,Xi’an 710089,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司,西安710089 [2]南京航空航天大学机电学院,南京210016

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报》2021年第3期388-394,共7页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics

摘　　要：在飞机翼身对接过程中,需要在翼身对接处的外表面覆盖整流蒙皮,以维持飞机的气动外形。为了确保在装配整流蒙皮时,蒙皮间的配合间隙量满足设计要求,需要精确修配其加工余量,故本文提出了一种基于三维点云处理的飞机蒙皮修配量提取技术。首先对扫描的机翼机身对接数据进行预处理获取关键点;然后对关键点和模型蒙皮数据计算直方图特征描述子,寻找相似的描述符;最后使用霍夫投票算法和迭代最近点算法匹配模型蒙皮和翼身对接数据。在提取修配量时,先检测翼身对接处机翼、机身蒙皮边界线和粗加工蒙皮的端面边界线;然后把机翼、机身蒙皮边界线投影到粗加工的蒙皮上,计算它与其端面边界线的距离,最终提取蒙皮修配量。该方法实现了对整流蒙皮的自动化配准和修配,极大地减轻了人力、物力、耗时等问题,对实际飞机装配有较高的应用价值。In the process of aircraft wing-body docking,the outer surface of the wing-body butt joint needs to be covered with a rectifying skin to maintain the aerodynamic shape of the aircraft.In order to ensure that the gap of the rectifying skin can meet the design requirements,it is necessary to accurately repair the allowance.Therefore,we propose a technology to extract aircraft skin repair allowance based on 3D point cloud processing.Firstly,the scanned wing-body docking data are preprocessed to obtain the key points.Then the histogram feature descriptors are calculated for the key points and model skinning data to find similar descriptors.Finally,the Hough voting algorithm and the iterative closest point algorithm are used to match the data of the model skin and the wing-body docking.When the repair allowance is extracted,the boundary lines of the wing and fuselage skin at the wing body and the end face of the rough skin joint are first detected.Then the boundary lines of the wing and fuselage skin are projected onto the rough skin to calculate its distance from the boundary lines.Hence,the final repair allowance of skin is extracted.This method realizes the automatic registration and repair of the rectifying skin,which greatly reduces the problems of manpower,material resources,and time consumption,and has high application value for actual aircraft assembly.

关 键 词：点云特征提取 霍夫投票算法 点云配准 点云网格化 蒙皮修配 

分 类 号：V262.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]