基于中国学生体质调研数据的少数民族中小学生视力不良对比分析  

Comparative analysis of poor visual acuity of minority primary and secondary school students based on Chinese students’physique and health survey data

作　　者：黄凤连 陈萍萍 周圆 邵延萱 曾林华 祝丽玲[1] HUANG Feng-lian;CHEN Ping-ping;ZHOU Yuan;SHAO Yan-xuan;ZENG Lin-hua;ZHU Li-ling(School of Public Health,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 154000,Heilongjiang,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学公共卫生学院,黑龙江佳木斯154000 [2]佳木斯大学基础医学院

出　　处：《中国校医》2021年第5期321-324,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910222004)。

摘　　要：目的对比分析我国第6次和第7次《中国学生体质与健康调研数据》中26个少数民族学生视力不良分布状况及发展趋势,为少数民族学生开展视力保健工作提供理论依据。方法运用SPSS 19.0软件,对2010年(第6次)与2014年(第7次)两次中国学生体质与健康调研数据中26个少数民族7~18岁160661名中小学生的视力检查结果进行分析。率的比较采用χ^(2)检验,率的趋势变化采用动态数列进行分析。结果2010年和2014年7~18岁26个少数民族学生视力不良率分别为30.39%、38.79%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1253.374,P<0.01),其中小学低年级(7~9岁)学生视力不良率增速最快,平均增长速度10.37%。2010—2014年学生视力不良率平均增长速度居前3位的民族为维吾尔族(42.11%)、彝族(31.32%)和佤族(26.25%),呈负增长趋势的3个民族为水族(-4.61%)、羌族(-2.80%)和藏族(-2.09%)。结论2010—2014年中国26个少数民族中23个少数民族学生视力不良率呈增长趋势,小学低年级增速最快,但不同民族间存在差异。Objective To comparatively analyze the distribution and development trend of poor visual acuity in 26 ethnic minorities based on the 6th and 7th Chinese students’physique and health survey data,in order to provide theoretical basis for the development of visual health care for ethnic minority students.Methods The results,eyesight examinations of 160,661 primary and middle school students from 7 to 18 years old from 26 ethnic minorities in the two survey data of Chinese students’physique and health in 2010(6th)and 2014(7th),were analyzed by using SPSS19.0.The comparison of rates adopts test,and the trend of rate changes is analyzed by dynamic series.Results In 2010 and 2014,the incidence rates of poor visual acuity in 26 ethnic minorities aged 7-18 years were 30.39%and 38.79%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=1253.374,P<0.01),with the highest growth rate in the primary grades(7-9years),and the average growth rate was 10.37%.From 2010 to 2014,in average growth rate,the top three ethnic groups were Uygur(42.11%),Yi(31.32%)and Wa(26.25%),but in the negative growth trend,the three ethnic minorities were Aquarium(-4.61%),Qiang(-2.80%)and Tibetan(-2.09%).Conclusion From 2010 to 2014,among the students of China’s 26 ethnic minorities,the students in 23 ethnic minorities had an increasing trend of poor visual acuity,with the fastest increase in the primary grades,but there were differences among different ethnic groups.

关 键 词：视力 低 中小学生卫生保健服务 少数民族 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学]