氮杂环卡宾催化的亲核取代反应  

N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction

作　　者：赵明 杨立庆 许玉荣 Ming Zhao;Liqing Yang;Yurong Xu(Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hefei Normal University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥师范学院化学与化学工程学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《大学化学》2021年第4期101-105,共5页University Chemistry

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2019A0720)。

摘　　要：氮杂环卡宾作为有机催化剂催化的反应取得了巨大的研究进展;在反应中,氮杂环卡宾可以改变醛类化合物的反应极性,由亲电性转变为亲核性。本文主要对氮杂环卡宾催化的亲核取代反应进行了详细介绍,极性反转的醛可以通过SN1、SN2、SN2’、加成-消去、消去-加成过程和相应的底物发生反应。对于醛作为亲核试剂发生的取代反应,能够丰富和完善基础教学中醛酮反应知识点的内容,有利于学生了解学科的前沿发展,激发学生的探索和学习兴趣。Great progress has been made in N-heterocyclic carbene(NHC)catalyzed.In the reaction,NHCs are mainly used for the umpolung of aldehydes from electrophilic to nucleophilic.In this paper,the NHC-catalyzed nucleophilic substitution is described in detail;the umpolung of aldehyde and the corresponding substrate react through SN1,SN2,SN2’,addition-elimination,elimination-addition processes.The introduction of the substitution reaction of aldehyde as a nucleophile can enrich and extension the content of the knowledge of aldehyde with ketone in undergraduate curriculum.It is also helpful for the students to understand the cutting-edge development of the discipline,and stimulate students’interest in exploration and learning.

关 键 词：氮杂环卡宾 有机催化 取代反应 醛 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]