水生植物耐盐性及其在滨海湿地生态修复中的应用  

Salt Tolerance of Aquatic Plants and Its Application in Ecological Restoration of Coastal Wetland

作　　者：刘晓静[1] 杜凤凤[1] 李乃伟[2] 陈少周 常雅军[1] 崔键 姚东瑞[1,2] LIU Xiao-jing;DU Feng-feng;LI Nai-wei;CHEN Shao-zhou;CHANG Ya-jun;CUI Jian;YAO Dong-rui(Institute of Botany,Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Plant Resources and Water Environment Remediation,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China;Institute of Botany,Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,江苏省水生植物资源与水环境修复工程研究中心,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,江苏省植物资源与利用重点实验室,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2021年第2期74-79,共6页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：江苏省林业科技创新与推广项目(LYKJ[2019]26);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(20)3170);江苏省自然资源发展专业资金(海洋科技创新)项目(JSZRHYKJ202003);省属公益类科研院所自主科研课题(112000607)。

摘　　要：水体与土壤盐碱化是滨海湿地的显著特征。水生植物作为滨海湿地水生态系统的重要组成部分,其分布与丰度受到水体盐碱度的强烈限制。依据盐碱耐受性,将水生植物分为淡水类、寡盐类、中盐类和高盐类4类。综述了水生植物对滨海湿地盐碱化的胁迫响应、水生植物的盐碱耐受性及渗透调节机制、湿地硫化物的植物毒性及其对湿地植物生态分布的影响,并对挺水植物、浮叶植物、漂浮植物和沉水植物的盐碱耐受性进行了归纳。基于国内外水生植物耐盐性研究进展,总结了滨海湿地生态修复的先锋物种和潜力物种,并建议在滨海湿地水生植物资源调查、耐盐碱机理研究、水生植物群落的生态评价等方面加强研究力度。Salinity is a significant feature of coastal wetlands.As an important part of coastal wetland aquatic ecosystem,the distribution of aquatic plants is strongly restricted by salinity.According to the salt tolerance,aquatic plants were classified into 4 main types:freshwater,oligohaline,mesohaline and mixohaline plants.For salt tolerance wetland plant selection and application,we summarized the stress response of aquatic plants to the coastal wetland system,the ability of different aquatic plants and its osmotic adjustment mechanism,and phytotoxicity of sulfide and also the influence about distribution to wetland plants.We generalized the progress in salt tolerance of emergent aquatic plant,floating-leaved plants,floating plants and submerged plants.Based on the research progress,we summarized the pioneer species and potential species for wetland ecological restoration,and also suggested that more attention should be paid to the inventory of aquatic plant resources in coastal wetlands,mechanism of salt tolerance and evaluation of long term ecological environmental effect of aquatic plant community in the future.

关 键 词：水生植物 滨海湿地 耐盐碱 生态修复 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]