煤矸石改性生物炭吸附水体中磷酸盐性能研究  

The Performance Coal Gangue Modified Biochar in Adsorption Phosphate in Water

作　　者：马曰娜 李心清[1] 陈淼[3,4,5] 李玲 连国奇 赵梣汐 王兵 MA Yuena;LI Xingqing;CHEN Miao;LI Ling;LIAN Guoqi;ZHAO Chenxi;WANG Bing(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry,Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550081,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Karst Geological Resources and Environmental Education,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station,Ministry of Education,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550081 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550025 [4]喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025 [5]贵州喀斯特环境生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站,贵阳550025

出　　处：《地球与环境》2021年第3期315-324,共10页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502602);国家自然科学基金项目(U1612441、41977297);贵州省高层次留学人才创新创业择优资助项目(留学人才择优资助合同(2018)08号);贵州大学自然科学专项(特岗)科研基金项目(贵大特岗合字(2020)01号)。

摘　　要：水体中磷的去除对控制水体富营养化具有非常重要的意义。本研究通过以固体废弃物煤矸石和秸秆为原料,制成生物炭复合材料并应用于水溶液中磷酸根的吸附。利用SEM、Zeta电位测量等分析手段对其理化性质进行表征,并对不同的影响因素进行了分析研究以确定最佳的吸附条件。在此基础上,采用不同吸附动力学和吸附等温模型对生物炭的吸附行为和机理进行了研究。结果表明,用煤矸石改性秸秆类生物炭,使生物炭性质都发生改变,比表面积、Zeta电位、电导率、产率及吸附量都显著增加,吸附条件筛选时得到700℃生物炭单位吸附量高于450℃生物炭,改性生物炭单位吸附量高于原始生物炭,油菜生物炭单位吸附量大于水稻生物炭,酸性条件下单位吸附量与溶液pH值呈负相关,因此选择改性油菜生物炭在700℃热解,采用2.5 g/L投加量吸附pH为4的溶液中磷酸根的吸附条件效果最好,单位吸附量为7.08 mg/g,吸附过程符合准二级吸附动力学模型和Langmuir吸附模型,此吸附过程以化学吸附为主,属单分子层有利吸附。本研究开发了一种利用固体废弃物制备新型生物炭基复合材料的方法,该材料具有成本低廉、操作简单、效果显著的特点。The removal of phosphorus from water is very important for controlling eutrophication.In this study,the functionalized biochar composite was synthetized from solid waste coal gangue and straw and was applied to the phosphate adsorption in aqueous solution.The physical and chemical properties were characterized by SEM and Zeta potential measurement,and its optimum adsorption conditions,adsorption behavior and mechanism were studied.The results show that the use of coal gangue to modify straw biochar changed the properties of biochar,and the specific surface area,Zeta potential,conductivity,yield and adsorption capacity were significantly increased.The result of the screening experiment of adsorption conditions is that the unit adsorption capacity of 700℃biochar is higher than 450℃biochar,the unit adsorption capacity of modified biochar is higher than that of original biochar,and the unit adsorption capacity of rape biochar is greater than that of rice biochar.The unit adsorption capacity under acidic conditions is inversely proportional to the pH of the solution.Therefore,the adsorption conditions were selected as pyrolysis of modified rape biochar at 700℃,and the adsorption effect of phosphate with the solution of pH 4 using 2.5 g/L dosage was the best,the unit adsorption capacity is 7.08 mg/g.The adsorption process conforms to the quasi-second adsorption kinetic model and the Langmuir adsorption model.This adsorption process is mainly based on chemical adsorption,belongs to the monolayer,which is favorable for adsorption.In this study,a method for preparing a new type of bio-carbon-based composite material using solid waste has been developed.The material has the characteristics of low cost,simple operation and remarkable effect.

关 键 词：生物炭 改性 煤矸石 磷酸盐 固体废弃物 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学]