老年人抑郁的影响因素分析  

Analysis of the influencing factors of depression in the elderly

作　　者：任蒋磊 莫宝庆[1] 张鹏鹏 李博涵 冯晴[1] REN Jiang-lei;MO Bao-qing;ZHANG Peng-peng;LI Bo-han;FENG Qing(School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,江苏省南京市211166

出　　处：《实用老年医学》2021年第6期575-579,共5页Practical Geriatrics

摘　　要：目的探讨65岁以上老年人抑郁的状况及其影响因素。方法根据2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查的资料,对抑郁与生活方式、个人情况的关系进行分析。结果本次调查共纳入调查对象11727例,其中有抑郁者2487例(21.21%)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,自我评价生活质量很好(OR=0.23,95%CI0.09~0.59)、自我评价健康情况很好(OR=0.23,95%CI0.13~0.42)、自我评价健康变化很好(OR=0.46,95%CI0.29~0.75)、睡眠质量很好(OR=0.09,95%CI0.06~0.13)、每天摄入蔬菜(OR=0.65,95%CI0.48~0.88)、常用植物油(OR=0.75,95%CI0.63~0.88)、经常锻炼(OR=0.71,95%CI0.62~0.80)、足够的生活资金(OR=0.62,95%CI0.53~0.71)、生重病可获得及时的医疗服务(OR=0.70,95%CI0.51~0.95)、社区提供日常购物(OR=0.65,95%CI0.53~0.79)、每日做家务(OR=0.78,95%CI0.69~0.89;)、每日阅读(OR=0.69,95%CI0.56~0.85)、每日打牌打麻将(OR=0.76,95%CI0.59~0.97)、每日收看电视听广播(OR=0.77,95%CI0.67~0.88)、已婚共居(OR=0.49,95%CI0.29~0.82)、和家人一起居住(OR=0.70,95%CI0.52~0.95)是抑郁的保护因素。女性(OR=1.21,95%CI1.08~1.37)和慢性病数量≥3种(OR=1.22,95%CI1.07~1.39)是抑郁的危险因素。结论性别、婚姻类型、合住类型、身体健康与活动状况、社区提供日常购物服务、膳食、睡眠质量、足够的生活资金及医疗服务是影响老年人抑郁的因素。Objective To investigate the status of depression and the influencing factors in the elderly aged over 65 years old.Methods The relationship was analyzed between depression and lifestyle or personal situation,according to the data of the follow-up survey on the influencing factors of elderly health in China in 2018.Results A total of 11727 people were included in this analysis,among which 2487(21.21%)presented with depression.The results of binary Logistic regression showed that the protective factors of depression were good living quality(OR=0.23,95%CI 0.09-0.59),good health condition(OR=0.23,95%CI 0.13-0.42),satisfied health change(OR=0.46,95%CI 0.29-0.75),high quality sleeping(OR=0.09,95%CI 0.06-0.13),daily intake of vegetables(OR=0.65,95%CI0.48-0.88),frequently vegetable oil(OR=0.75,95%CI 0.63-0.88),regular exercise(OR=0.71,95%CI 0.62-0.80),adequate living capital(OR=0.62,95%CI0.53-0.71),timely medical service during diseases(OR=0.70,95%CI 0.51-0.95),common shopping provided by community(OR=0.65,95%CI 0.53-0.79),daily housework(OR=0.78,95%CI 0.69-0.89),daily reading(OR=0.69,95%CI0.56-0.85),playing poker and mahjong(OR=0.76,95%CI 0.56-0.97),watching TV and listening to radio every day(OR=0.77,95%CI 0.67-0.88),married cohabitation(OR=0.49,95%CI 0.29-0.82)and living with the family members(OR=0.70,95%CI 0.52-0.95),while the risk factors were female(OR=1.21,95%CI 1.08-1.37)and suffering from more than three kinds of chronic diseases(OR=1.22,95%CI 1.07-1.39).Conclusions The influencing factors for depression are gender,marriage and living situation,health and activity level,daily shopping service provided by community,diet,sleep quality,adequate living funds and medical services in the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人 抑郁 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]