迎面风速对电动汽车热泵系统蒸发器除霜特性影响的实验研究  

Influence of Evaporator Wind Speed on Defrosting Characteristics of Electric Vehicle Heat Pump System

作　　者：杨忠诚 苏林[1] 方奕栋[1] 李康 穆文杰 刘旭阳 YANG Zhongcheng;SU Lin;FANG Yidong;LI Kang;MU Wenjie;LIU Xuyang(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《轻工机械》2021年第3期43-48,共6页Light Industry Machinery

摘　　要：针对电动汽车热泵空调系统在冬季室外换热器结霜后除霜效率低的问题,课题组设计并搭建了电动汽车热泵空调系统的实验台架,研究了在环境温度2.0℃和相对湿度85%下,电动汽车热泵空调系统中的蒸发器结霜后,蒸发器迎面风速对除霜特性的影响。实验结果表明:在实验工况下,室外换热器所结霜层呈间隔式分布;在系统逆循环除霜过程中,压缩机吸排气压力和换热器进出口温度逐渐升高,但随着蒸发器迎面风速的增高而降低,同时系统的制冷量出现波动现象;在相同的结霜工况下,较高的蒸发器迎面风速能缩短除霜时间,蒸发器迎面风速从0.8 m/s增加至2.3 m/s,除霜时间缩短37.4%,但此时的HVAC出风温度降低3.8℃,因此较低的蒸发器迎面风速则能提高HVAC出风温度,提高乘员舱舒适度。Aiming at the problem of low defrosting efficiency of electric vehicle heat pump air conditioning system after outdoor heat exchanger frosting in winter, the research group studied the influence of evaporator head wind speed on defrosting characteristics after evaporator frosting under 2.0 ℃ and 85% relative humidity.The experimental results show that the frosting layer of outdoor heat exchanger is spaced under the experimental conditions. In the process of reverse circulation defrosting, the inlet and outlet pressure of compressor and the inlet and outlet temperature of heat exchanger gradually increase, but decrease with the increase of evaporator head wind speed, and the cooling capacity of the system fluctuates. Under the same frosting condition, the higher head wind speed of evaporator can shorten the defrosting time. The head wind speed of evaporator increases from 0.8 to 2.3 m/s, and the defrosting time is reduced by 37.4%. However, the HVAC(heating, ventilation and air conditioning) outlet air temperature decreases by 3.8 ℃. So the lower evaporator wind speed can improve the outlet air temperature of HVAC and the comfort of passenger compartment.

关 键 词：电动汽车 热泵 除霜特性 蒸发器迎面风速 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程] TH45[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]