人工鸟研究进展及在飞机结构抗鸟撞中的应用  

Overview on artificial bird and application on the structural bird-strike

作　　者：刘小川[1] 王计真 白春玉[1] LIU Xiaochuan;WANG Jizhen;BAI Chunyu(Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Structures Impact Dynamics,Aircraft Strength Research Institute of China,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国飞机强度研究所冲击动力学航空科技重点实验室,西安710065

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第12期80-89,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：航空科学基金(2016ZA23005)。

摘　　要：鸟撞是飞行安全的重要威胁,军机强度规范、民机和发动机适航标准均明确要求,须通过鸟撞试验等手段对结构抗鸟撞能力进行验证,并对鸟撞关键部位、鸟撞速度和鸟弹规格等给出明确规定。家禽鸟弹因个体差异因素导致鸟撞响应出现较大分散性,人工鸟弹成为该领域的重要研究方向,相关标准指出可使用人工鸟替代家禽实施鸟撞试验。介绍了明胶人工鸟的制备工艺,基于国内外鸟撞试验结果梳理,分析了人工鸟弹与家禽鸟弹动态一致性和可替代性;阐释了人工鸟弹形状和尺寸等因素对撞击响应的影响,给出了人工鸟本构模型及本构参数识别方法的最新进展与不足;梳理了人工鸟在鸟撞试验研究方面的应用现状及人工鸟标准化方面的展望。Bird-strike is the principle foreign object threat for flight.Military aircraft strength standard,civil aircraft regulations and engine airworthiness regulations have compulsive requirements subjected to bird strike.Structure design should be certificated by the bird strike test,and the strike location,velocity and mass of the bird are specified.Poultry projectile often show distinct dispersion when impact on structures,so many researcher focus on study of artificial birds.Also,related regulations and standard states support artificial bird as the substitute for the real birds.In this paper,the manufacturing process of the gelatin bird was introduced first,also the verification impact tests with real birds and gelatin birds were conducted by many researchers,and artificial birds made of gelatin show the best similarity and substitutability with real bird.Then,the influence of the bird shape and size to the impact dynamic response were concluded.Then,the research progress and shortage of bird constitutive modeling and constitutive parameters identification method were given.Finally,the standard requirements and applications of artificial bird were introduced.

关 键 词：鸟撞 鸟撞试验 家禽鸟弹 明胶人工鸟弹 本构参数识别 人工鸟标准化 

分 类 号：V271.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] O242[理学—计算数学]