马铃薯疮痂病菌分离鉴定与抗病诱导剂对马铃薯疮痂病防治效果研究  

Isolation and identification of potato scab pathogen and control efficacy of disease-resistant inducer on potato common scab

作　　者：张铉哲[1] 陈梅 赵雪[1] 任雪琦 徐浩然 陈苏慧 ZHANG Xuanzhe;CHEN Mei;ZHAO Xue;REN Xueqi;XU Haoran;CHEN Suhui(School of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2021年第5期10-17,共8页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：黑龙江省马铃薯现代农业产业技术协同创新体系(HNWJZT201801);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(C2016019)。

摘　　要：从哈尔滨马铃薯产区分离疮痂病菌,采用小薯片法测定分离菌株致病性,通过形态观察、生物学特性和16S rDNA基因序列分析鉴定疮痂病菌;利用纸碟法分别测定抗病诱导剂草酸(OA)、水杨酸(SA)、β-氨基丁酸(BABA)、苯并噻二唑(BTH)和茉莉酸甲酯(MJ)对马铃薯疮痂病菌离体生长影响,并通过田间试验测定该5种抗病诱导剂对马铃薯疮痂病防治效果,室内和田间使用浓度均为50μg·mL^(-1)。结果表明,筛选得到9个致病菌株,形态相似,在ISP2培养基上菌丝灰色,孢子灰色,孢子链为直链。通过16S rDNA序列结合生理生化特性将致病菌株鉴定为Streptomyces scabies,即马铃薯疮痂病菌。离体条件下,供试5种抗病诱导剂对马铃薯疮痂病菌生长无抑制作用;田间条件下,抗病诱导剂对马铃薯产量无显著影响,且对马铃薯疮痂病均有防治效果,其中MJ防治效果最佳,防治效果为43.6%。结果表明,哈尔滨地区致病链霉菌有S.scabies,MJ可较好诱发马铃薯对疮痂病抗病性,MJ可用于防治马铃薯疮痂病。The Streptomyces scabies were isolated from potato scab tubers collected from Harbin,and the pathogenicity of the isolated strains were determined by the potato chip.The strains were identified by morphological observation,biological characteristics determination and 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis;to determine the control efficacy of disease-resistant inducers oxalic acid(OA),salicylic acid(SA),β-aminobutyric acid(BABA),benzothiadiazole(BTH)and methyl jasmonate(MJ)on pathogenic Streptomyces in vitro by paper plate method,and the control efficacy of five kinds of disease-resistant inducers on potato common scab was determined by field experiment,both indoor and field concentrations are 50μg·mL^(-1).The results showed that a total of nine pathogenic Streptomyces with similar morphology were screened.On the ISP2 medium,hyphae were gray,spores were gray,and spore chains were linears.The pathogenic strains were identified as Streptomyces scabies by 16S rDNA sequence combined with physiological and biochemical characteristics.The disease inducer did not inhibit the growth of S.scabies in vitro;under field conditions,the disease-resistant inducers had no significant effect on potato yield,and had a control efficacy on potato common scab.Among them,MJ had the best control efficacy,which was 43.6%.The above results showed that S.scabies was the pathogenic Streptomyces in Harbin,and MJ could induce resistance to potato common scab.Therefore,MJ should be used to control potato common scab in the future.

关 键 词：马铃薯 疮痂病菌 抗病诱导剂 防治效果 茉莉酸甲酯 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]