运动调控糖尿病骨病相关信号通路的研究进展  

Research Progress of Exercise Regulating Signaling Pathway of Diabetic Osteopathy

作　　者：杜玉香 张玲莉[1] 吴伟[1] 杨杰[1] DU Yuxiang;ZHANG Lingli;WU Wei;YANG Jie(Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2021年第5期1075-1081,共7页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：2021年上海体育学院附属竞技体育学校教育教学课题中职内涵建设经费;上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室(上海体育学院)项目(批准号:11DZ2261100)资助的课题。

摘　　要：糖尿病是一种以高血糖为主要特点的慢性代谢疾病。长期患有1型和2型糖尿病的患者可能会出现骨骼并发症或"糖尿病性骨病",包括骨质减少、骨质疏松、骨关节病变和低应力骨折的发生率增加。腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMPK)、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)和叉头转录基因(FoxO)在糖脂代谢及骨代谢中具有重要调节作用。AMPK是mTOR和FoxO的上游调控因子,AMPK和PI3K/Akt都可以调节mTOR和FoxO1,而能量消耗是激活PI3K/Akt的因素之一,即AMP/ATP的值改变可以激活PI3K/Akt。运动能够介导上述三条通路调控糖尿病骨病,但不同形式不同负荷的运动对糖尿病骨病相关信号通路作用不一,其中运动强度是关键因素。该文查阅国内外大量文献,总结了此三者在糖尿病骨病中的调节机制,通过探讨运动介导此三者对糖尿病骨病的影响,试图为糖尿病骨病的预防和治疗提供新的理论依据。Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia.Patients with long-term type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus can develop skeletal complications or "diabetic osteopathy" including osteopenia,osteoporosis,osteoarthropathy and an increased incidence of low-stress fractures.AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase),mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) and FoxO (fork-head box O transcription factor) play important regulatory roles in glycolipid metabolism and bone metabolism.AMPK is the upstream regulator of mTOR and FoxO.Both AMPK and PI3K/Akt can regulate mTOR and FoxO1.Energy consumption is one of the stimulating factors to activate PI3K/Akt,that is,the change of AMP/ATP ratio can activate PI3K/Akt.Exercise can mediate the above three pathways to regulate diabetic bone disease,but different forms and loads of exercise have different effects on diabetic bone disease-related signaling pathways,in which exercise intensity is the key factor.This paper summarizes the regulation mechanism of these three factors in diabetic osteopathy and discusses the influence of exercise-mediated three factors on diabetic osteopathy,providing a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of diabetic osteopathy.

关 键 词：糖尿病骨病 运动 AMPK MTOR FOXO 

分 类 号：R587.2[医药卫生—内分泌]