肺癌早筛早诊的精准化探索  

Exploring for precise screening and diagnosis strategy in earlystage lung cancer

作　　者：梁文华[1,2] 黎才琛 何建行 Wenhua Liang;Caichen Li;Jianxing He(China National Center for Respiratory Medicine,The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease,National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease,Guangzhou 510030,China;Department of Oncology,The First People's Hospital of Zhaoqing,Zhaoqing 526000,China;Department of Thoracic Surgery,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510700,China)

机构地区：[1]国家呼吸医学中心,广州医科大学附属第一医院,广州呼吸健康研究院,国家呼吸系统疾病国家临床研究中心,呼吸疾病国家重点实验室,广州市510030 [2]肇庆市第一人民医院肿瘤科 [3]南方医科大学南方医院胸外科

出　　处：《中国肿瘤临床》2021年第10期506-510,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(编号:82022048)、面上项目(编号:81871893);广州市科技计划重点项目(编号:201804020030)资助。

摘　　要：目前,肺癌仍是全世界范围内癌症相关死亡的主要原因。早期肺癌可以实现治愈,而晚期肺癌患者的5年生存率极低,因此早诊早治是提高生存率的关键。既往研究已经证实了运用低剂量CT对肺癌高危人群进行筛查可降低肺癌相关死亡率,但肺癌早期诊治策略仍有许多问题亟需解决,如高危人群的选择和肺结节良恶性的鉴别判断尚欠精准。本研究总结近年来本课题组在肺癌早筛早诊方面的有关工作,并对相关研究进展进行综述,包括利用数据挖掘及队列孟德尔随机分析等手段探索新的肺癌高危因素,研发人工智能及血浆游离DNA检测等工具辅助高危结节的鉴别诊断和处理,以及开发药物治疗极早期肺癌的新手段等,希望为肺癌早筛早诊的临床实践及科研方向提供思路。Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide.Although early-stage lung cancer is curable,the survival rate of patients with advanced-stage lung cancer is extremely low.Therefore,early detection and intervention are critical for improving the prognosis of patients with lung cancer.Though previous studies have shown that low-dose computed tomography screening can reduce lung cancer-related mortality among high-risk individuals,there remains much room for improving the process,such as the selection of high-risk populations and differentiation of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.This study combined our team’s research on the early screening and diagnosis of lung cancer to review the current research progress in areas such as the utilization of data mining and Mendelian randomization analysis to explore novel risk factors for lung cancer,the development of artificial intelligence and circulating tumor DNA detection tools to aid in the differential diagnosis and treatment of high-risk nodules,and the use of novel drug treatment modes for ultra-early lung cancers.We hope the study findings will aid colleagues in clinical practice and research.

关 键 词：肺癌 肺结节 高危人群 早期筛查 早期诊断 

分 类 号：R734.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]