不同乳蛋白水平中国荷斯坦奶牛DHI指标及其与月份间的相关性分析  

Correlation analysis between DHI indexes of Chinese Holstein dairy cows under different milk protein levels and between DHI indexes and months

作　　者：梁靓 陈奎蓉 程锋 田威龙 刘笑笑 李月月 吕冬玲 莫家远 兰干球[1] 梁晶[1] LIANG Liang;CHEN Kuirong;CHENG Feng;TIAN Weilong;LIU Xiaoxiao;LI Yueyue;LYU Dongling;MO Jiayuan;LAN Ganqiu;LIANG Jing(College of Animal Science&Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第11期63-68,152,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：为了明确不同乳蛋白水平中国荷斯坦奶牛乳蛋白含量与奶牛性能测定体系(dairy herd improvement, DHI)指标的相关性,以及乳蛋白水平与月份之间的关系,试验对黑龙江省某牧场中600头中国荷斯坦奶牛进行DHI数据测定,以DHI数据为基础分成低水平组(乳蛋白含量≤3.3%)、正常水平组(乳蛋白含量>3.3%~≤3.7%)和高水平组(乳蛋白含量>3.7%),通过SPSS 22.0软件和桑基图对组间、组内、单项数据以及外界温度(不同月份)进行相关性分析。结果表明:不同乳蛋白水平中国荷斯坦奶牛的乳蛋白含量、产奶量、乳脂率、乳糖率和尿素氮含量间均存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。3组奶牛的乳蛋白含量均与产奶量和乳糖率呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与乳脂率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);产奶量与乳脂率呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与乳糖率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);乳脂率与乳糖率呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与尿素氮含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);乳糖率与尿素氮含量呈显著或极显著正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),与体细胞数呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。在寒冷月份(2018年11月份—2019年2月份)中,高乳蛋白水平奶牛在试验奶牛群体中占比相对较高,为75.69%~89.24%;在温度较高的月份2018年7—9月份中占比相对较低,为49.62%~62.26%。说明乳蛋白含量与产奶量、乳糖率、乳脂率均极显著相关,外界温度对中国荷斯坦奶牛乳蛋白含量具有明显影响。In order to define the correlation between milk protein content and other indicators of DHI and the relationship between milk protein levels and months in Chinese Holstein dairy cows under different milk protein levels, the DHI data of 600 Chinese Holstein dairy cows from a pasture in Heilongjiang Province were was measured, then were divided into low level group(milk protein content≤3.3%), normal group(milk protein content>3.3%~≤3.7%) and high level group(milk protein content>3.7%) taking the DHI data as base. The correlation analysis of inter-group, intra-group, individual data and external temperature(in different months) was carried out by SPSS 22.0 and Sankey diagram. The results showed that there were extremely significant differences in milk protein content, milk yield, milk fat rate, lactose rate and urea nitrogen index among Chinese Holstein dairy cows with different milk protein levels(P<0.01). The content of milk protein of three groups was extremely significantly negatively correlated with milk yield and lactose rate(P<0.01), and extremely positively correlated with milk fat rate(P<0.01). Milk yield was extremely negatively correlated with milk fat rate(P<0.01) and extremely positively correlated with lactose rate(P<0.01). There was a extremely significant negative correlation between the lactose rate and the lactose rate(P<0.01), and a extremely significant positive correlation between the lactose rate and the urea nitrogen(P<0.01). Lactose rate was significiantly or extremely significiantly positively correlated with urea nitrogen(P<0.05 or P<0.01) and extremely negatively correlated with somatic cell number(P<0.01). The proportion of dairy cows with high milk protein level was relativelyhigher in the cold months(November 2018—February 2019), accounting for 75.69%-89.24%;but relatively lower in the warm months(July 2018—September 2018), accounting for 49.62%-62.26%. The results indicated that the milk protein content was extremely significantly correlated with milk yield, lactose rate and mi

关 键 词：奶牛 奶牛性能测定体系 乳蛋白 产奶量 乳糖率 乳脂率 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]