4个大顶苦瓜品种(系)农艺性状和感官品质比较  

Comparison of Agronomic Traits and Sensory Qualities of Four Dading Bitter Gourd Varieties(Lines)

作　　者：江定 李光光 朱文斌 黄贞 郑岩松 JIANG Ding;LI Guangguang;ZHU Wenbin;HUANG Zhen;ZHENG Yansong(Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510335,China;Guangzhou Conghua District Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Guangzhou 510900,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市农业科学研究院,广东广州510335 [2]广州市从化区农业技术推广中心,广东广州510900

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2021年第5期28-34,共7页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广州市财政补助资金农业农村项目(穗农办〔2021〕12号);广州市科技计划项目(202002020086)。

摘　　要：【目的】初步筛选适合华南地区生产栽培的高产优质大顶苦瓜品种(系),以满足当前生产消费需求。【方法】对4个大顶苦瓜品种(系)进行比较试验,调查其田间表现、生物学特性、农艺性状、产量及感官品质。【结果】4个大顶苦瓜品种(系)田间生长势、抗逆性和抗病性都较强。顶峰1号为早熟品种,其他3个为中熟品种。青蕾1号和翠顶1号果较大、正圆锥形、深绿色;广良2号果较大、正锥稍长、深绿色;顶峰1号果较大、正锥稍长、浅绿色。单位面积产量排在第一的是青蕾1号,为28454.25 kg/hm^(2);翠顶1号、广良2号和顶峰1号产量分别为26473.20、25517.70、22826.40 kg/hm^(2)。感官品质评价分值最高的是青蕾1号,其次是翠顶1号、广良2号、顶峰1号。【结论】综合比较相关性状表现,初步认为适合华南地区春季生产栽培的优良品种(系)是青蕾1号大顶苦瓜,可进一步展开大面积推广示范工作。【Objective】The study was carried out to preliminarily screen out high-yield and high-quality Dading bitter gourd varieties(lines)suitable for production and cultivation in South China to meet the needs of current production and consumption.【Method】A comparative experiment was conducted on four Dading bitter gourd varieties(lines)based on their field performance,biological characteristics,agronomic traits,yields and sensory qualities.【Result】The growth potential,stress and disease resistance of four Dading bitter gourd varieties(lines)were strong.Dingfeng No.1 was an early-maturing variety,and other three were medium-maturing varieties.The fruits of Qinglei No.1 and Cuiding No.1 were big,positively conical and dark green.The fruit of Guangliang No.2 was bigger with dark green color,and positive cone was slightly longer.The fruit of Dingfeng No.1 was bigger with light green color,and positive cone was slightly longer.Qinglei No.1 had the highest yield per unit area,which was 28454.25 kg/hm^(2),followed by Cuiding No.1,Guangliang No.2 and Dingfeng No.1,with the yield per unit area of 26473.20 kg/hm^(2),25517.70 kg/hm^(2) and 22826.40 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Qinglei No.1 had the highest score of sensory quality evaluation,followed by Cuiding No.1,Guangliang No.2 and Dingfeng No.1.【Conclusion】The comparison of related performance results shows that Qinglei No.1 is suitable for production and cultivation in spring in South China and can be further expanded for large-scale promotion and demonstration.

关 键 词：大顶苦瓜 农艺性状 产量 感官品质 

分 类 号：S642.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]