花生区组叶绿体高突变区验证及遗传关系分析  

Verifying high variation regions based on sect.Arachis chloroplast genome and revealing the interspecies genetic relationship

作　　者：王娟[1] 李春娟[1] 石大川 刘宇[1] 唐荣华[3] 贺梁琼[3] 赵小波[1] 苑翠玲 孙全喜[1] 闫彩霞[1] 单世华[1] WANG Juan;LI Chun-juan;SHI Da-chuan;LIU Yu;TANG Rong-hua;HE Liang-qiong;ZHAO Xiao-bo;YUAN Cui-ling;SUN Quan-xi;YAN Cai-xia;SHAN Shi-hua(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266101,China;Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China;Cash Crops Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266101 [2]青岛市农业科学研究院,山东青岛266101 [3]广西农业科学院经济作物研究所,广西南宁530000

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2021年第3期495-501,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：泰山学者特聘专家(ts201712080);国家自然科学基金(31800164,31901506);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程;(CXGC2018E21)。

摘　　要：栽培种花生是重要的油料作物和经济作物。由于长期的人工选择压力和驯化作用,造成栽培种花生种质遗传背景渐趋狭窄,严重限制了利用现有品种进行遗传改良的效果。准确揭示栽培种花生与本区组内其它物种之间的遗传关系是野生遗传资源保护和有效利用的首要前提。叶绿体基因组具有母系遗传、能够解决低阶分类单元问题等特点,但利用叶绿体基因组全序列解析花生区组种间系统进化关系,具有步骤复杂、耗时长、成本高等缺点。本研究基于花生属花生区组14个叶绿体全序列及直立区组1个叶绿体全序列,初步筛选得到7个候选高突变区,通过引物设计和扩增测序,根据遗传变异数目及遗传多样性锚定到花生区组的高突变区,即psbE-petL的基因间区。经系统发生树拓扑分支结构对比,该区域能够较好地揭示花生区组种间遗传关系,可实现对花生区组尚不明确系统位置的其它物种进行快速鉴定,为准确揭示花生区组种间遗传关系提供重要参考。Cultivated peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is one of the most important oilseed crops and cash crops worldwide.However,the genetic improvement of peanut cultivar is restricted by its narrow genetic base.The highly variable wild peanut species may serve as a rich genetic source of disease and insect resistant genetic resources.In order to take advantage of these wild peanut resources,the phylogenetic relationship of the Arachis species need firstly to be understood.The whole chloroplast(cp)genomes with uniparental inheritance and low order classification will help to reveal the sect.Arachis genetic relationship,but more time and procedures would be reqrired.Here,the total of 9 candidate high variation regions was targeted based on the available 15 sect.Arachis cp complete genomes and 1 sect.Erectoides cp complete genome.By PCR verification,the region psbE-petL was found to be the highest variation region,which was used to detect the genetic relationship rapidly for the unknown sect.Arachis species.By comparing the topological structure of the phylogenetic tree,our study provided important reference for new species delimitation and interspecies exploration.

关 键 词：花生属 叶绿体基因组 候选高突变区 遗传关系 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]