江苏省水环境容量计算及总量控制目标可达性研究  

Calculation of water environmental capacity and accessibility of total amount control target in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：胡开明[1,2] 娄明月 冯彬 逄勇[3] Hu Kaiming;Lou Mingyue;Feng Bin;Pang Yong(Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science,Nanjing 210036,P.R.China;Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Nanjing 210036,P.R.China;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省环境科学研究院,江苏南京210036 [2]江苏省环境工程重点实验室,江苏南京210036 [3]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《环境与发展》2021年第1期103-111,共9页Environment & Development

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2018ZX07208-004);江苏省自然科学基金——青年基金项目(BK20191083);江苏省环保科研课题(2018004、2018005)联合资助。

摘　　要：改革开放三十多年来,江苏省在经济高速发展的同时,环境污染和生态破坏问题较为突出,江河湖海水环境污染尚未得到有效遏制。污染物总量控制可以弥补由排放浓度控制所带来的缺陷,在水环境治理过程中具有举足轻重的地位,水环境容量的计算为总量控制目标的确定提供了理论基础。本研究通过对江苏省全省生活污染源、工业污染源和农业面源污染源排污的分布情况进行调查,并计算现状污染物入河量,利用构建的江苏区域水量水质数学模型,依据水环境功能区的水质目标与水域面积,估算了各地区水环境容量,量化出各地区污染物入河总量,对各地区水质目标可达性进行分析。计算结果表明,全省水环境容量COD为90.79万吨,氨氮为11.76万吨,2015年各地市污染物入河量均超过了水环境容量,水体功能严重受损。在采取一系列环境保护政策和水污染控制工程后,到2020年全省COD入河量下降到77.31万吨,氨氮入河量下降到10.42万吨,均达到规划总量控制要求,但南京市、无锡市、扬州市、镇江市和泰州市仍未达标,这些地区需进一步采取措施削减污染负荷。Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up,Jiangsu Province has witnessed rapid economic development,while environmental pollution and ecological damage have become more prominent.The total amount control of pollutants can make up for the defects caused by the emission concentration control,and plays an important role in the process of water environment treatment.The calculation of water environment capacity provides a theoretical basis for the determination of total amount control objectives.In this study,the distribution of domestic pollution sources,industrial pollution sources and agricultural non-point sources pollution sources in Jiangsu Province was investigated,and the current amount of pollutants into the river was calculated.Based on the water quality objectives and water area of the water environment functional areas,the water environment capacity of each region was estimated and the total amount of pollutants into the river was quantified The accessibility of water quality objectives in each region was analyzed.The calculation results show that the water environmental capacity of the whole province is 90.79 ten thousand tons of COD and 11.76 ten thousand tons of ammonia nitrogen.In 2015,the amount of pollutants into the river exceeded the water environmental capacity,and the water function was seriously damaged.After adopting a series of environmental protection policies and water pollution control projects,by 2020,the amount of COD entering the river will be reduced to 77.31 ten thousand tons,and the amount of ammonia nitrogen will be reduced to 10.42 ten thousand tons,all of which can meet the requirements of total planning control.However,Nanjing,Wuxi,Yangzhou,Zhenjiang and Taizhou are still not up to the standard.Further measures should be taken to reduce the pollution load in these areas.

关 键 词：水环境容量 总量控制 水量水质模型 目标可达性 

分 类 号：X11[环境科学与工程—环境科学]