添加剂对成都平原玉米秸秆发酵品质和细菌群落组成的影响  

Effects of Additives on Fermentation Quality and Bacterial Community Composition of Maize Straw in Chengdu Plain

作　　者：赵嫚 陆永祥 陈仕勇[1] 陈瑾 彭娟 苟文龙[2] 李平[2] Zhao Man;Lu Yongxiang;Chen Shiyong;Chen Jin;Peng Juan;Gou Wenlong;Li Ping(Southwest University for Nationalities,Chengdu 610041,China;Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences,Chengdu 611743,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学,四川成都610041 [2]四川省草原科学研究院,四川成都611743

出　　处：《草学》2021年第3期48-54,共7页Journal of Grassland and Forage Science

基　　金：四川省重点研发面上项目(2019YFN0137)资助。

摘　　要：本研究探讨添加剂对玉米秸秆发酵品质和细菌群落组成的影响。以籽实收获后第10d的玉米秸秆为原料,制作小型袋装青贮饲料,常温(<25℃)贮存90d后测定其发酵品质、营养成分和细菌群落组成。试验设置植物乳杆菌(LP)和苯甲酸钠(SB)处理,并以添加等量蒸馏水为对照(CK)。结果表明,LP和SB处理后的青贮饲料氨态氮与总氮比值显著低于CK(P<0.05),SB处理显著增加(P<0.05)青贮饲料可溶性碳水化合物含量。相较于CK、LP和SB处理降低了青贮饲料细菌丰富度指数(Chao1、ACE)和多样性指数(Simpson、Shannon)。玉米秸秆自然发酵过程中优势菌是植物乳杆菌(73.51%),其次是短乳杆菌(16.32%);LP和SB处理分别增加青贮饲料中植物乳杆菌的丰富度15.15%和13.03%,降低短乳杆菌的丰富度10.42%和13.71%。综上所述,添加植物乳杆菌和苯甲酸钠能改变玉米秸秆青贮饲料细菌的群落组成,进一步提升玉米秸秆的发酵品质。This study investigated the effects of additives on the fermentation quality and bacterial community composition of corn stover.Silages were prepared from corn straw on the 10th day after harvest,and its fermentation quality,nutrient composition and bacterial community composition were measured after storage of 90 days at room temperature(<25℃).Silage were treated without(CK)or with Lactobacillus plantarum(LP)and sodium benzoate(SB).The results showed that the ratio of ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen in silage treated with LP and SB was significantly lower than that of CK(P<0.05),and treatment with SB significantly increased the content of soluble carbohydrate of silage.Compared with CK,treatments with LP and SB reduced the bacterial richness index(Chao1,ACE)and diversity index(Simpson,Shannon)of silage.The dominant bacteria was Lactobacillus plantarum(73.51%),followed by Lactobacillus brevis(16.32%)in natural fermented-silage.Treatments with LP and SB increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus plantarum by 15.15%and 13.03%,and reduced the relative abundance of Lactobacillus brevis 10.41% and 13.71% in silage.In conclusion,treatments with Lactobacillus plantarum and sodium benzoate at ensiling could change the bacterial community compositions of bacteria,for further improving the fermentation quality of corn stover silage.

关 键 词：青贮 玉米秸秆 植物乳杆菌 苯甲酸钠 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]