辐射制冷对汽车热舒适性和能耗影响研究  

Research on the Influence of Radiative Sky Cooling on Cabin Thermal Comfort and Air-conditioning System Energy Consumption

作　　者：费键丽 杨剑 吕银燕 袁锦超 徐静涛 FEI Jian-li;YANG Jian;LV Yin-yan;YUAN Jin-chao;XU Jing-tao(School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;Ningbo Ruiling Advanced Energy Materials Institute Co., Ltd., Fenghua 315500, China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]宁波瑞凌新能源材料研究院有限公司,浙江奉化315500

出　　处：《节能技术》2021年第3期274-280,共7页Energy Conservation Technology

基　　金：宁波市科技计划体系项目(2019B10136,2019B10137)。

摘　　要：为了提升汽车驾乘空间内的热舒适性,减少空调使用对纯电动汽车续航里程的影响,本文提出将辐射制冷技术应用到车体表面以改善车内热环境。以黑色比亚迪E6纯电动汽车为例,运用Energyplus对应用辐射制冷技术前后车内空气的平均温度和空调系统制冷量以及在Fanger模型下车内的热舒适性进行模拟评估。结果显示汽车表面全面贴膜能够最高降低汽车内部空气的平均温度21.1℃,提高车内人员热舒适性满意度22.8%,最高节省空调系统能耗5.7%。针对各表面进行敏感性分析,其中前挡风玻璃贴膜后的降温效益或节能效益最大。本文研究表明辐射制冷技术可大幅降低汽车驾乘空间内的温度,有效提升汽车内的热舒适性,减少车载空调制冷能耗。In order to improve cabin thermal comfort and reduce the impact of air-conditioning system on the range of pure electric vehicle.This paper presents the radiative sky cooling technology is applied to the surface of car body to improve the internal thermal environment.Taking the black BYD E6 electric vehicle as an example,Energyplus is used to simulate and evaluate the interior air average temperature and the air-conditioning system cooling capacity,as well as the thermal comfort indexes PMV and PPD using the Fanger model.The results show that the interior air average temperature can be reduced up to 21.1℃and the predicted percentage of dissatisfied(PPD)can be decreased by 22.8%after applying radiative sky cooling films to the whole car surface.And the energy consumption of batteries used for air-conditioning system is decreased with a maximum efficiency of 5.7%.After sensitivity analysis was performed for each car body surface,applying radiative sky cooling films to the front window is found to be the most efficient in temperature reduction and energy saving.The research indicates radiative sky cooling technology can efficiently reduce cabin air temperature,improve cabin thermal comfort,and save the energy consumption of air-conditioning system.

关 键 词：纯电动汽车 辐射制冷 热舒适性 能耗 ENERGYPLUS Fanger模型 

分 类 号：TE08[石油与天然气工程] TB66[一般工业技术—制冷工程]