瓜胶基压裂液用胶囊破胶剂研究进展  

Progress of Encapsulated Gel Breaker for Guar Gum Based Fracturing Fluid

作　　者：陈刚[1,2] 程超[1] 胡龙刚 张洁 Chen Gang;Cheng Chao;Hu Longgang;Zhang Jie(Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields,Xi′an Petroleum University,Xi′an Shaanxi 710065;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control,CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology,Beijing 102206)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学,陕西省油气田环境污染控制技术与储层保护重点实验室,陕西西安710065 [2]中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院,石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中外能源》2021年第6期32-40,共9页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划重点产业创新链(群)项目(编号:2019ZDLGY06-03);陕西省高等学校青年创新团队项目。

摘　　要：胶囊破胶剂具有延缓释放的性能,能适应中深井段环境,在油气田应用越来越受到重视。本文结合国内外胶囊破胶剂的研究进展进行了综述。首先对囊芯和囊衣材料进行了总结,囊芯一般为过硫酸盐,囊衣种类较多,根据施工需要选择。进而介绍了胶囊破胶剂的几种制备方法,包括物理法和化学法,物理法主要采用流化床和转鼓喷涂法,化学法则主要利用囊芯表面原位聚合的原理制备胶囊。在释放机理方面主要有挤压破碎释放、渗透释放、化学溶蚀释放三种,对三种机理进行了比较,指出了不同施工和地层条件下的释放机理。然后介绍了典型的现场应用案例,可见胶囊破胶剂的产品性质和施工工艺等都会影响使用效果。最后对胶囊破胶剂的生产方法给出合理的建议,需要进一步加强对囊芯和囊衣材料的研究,且在胶囊破胶剂的制备工艺方面可以参考药物制剂方面的微胶囊成熟技术。Encapsulated gel breaker has the property of delaying release and can adapt to the environment of medium and deep well section,so it has been paid more and more attention in oil and gas fields.This paper reviews the research progress of encapsulated gel breaker at home and abroad.Firstly,the materials of capsule core and capsule coating are summarized.The capsule core is persulfate in general,and there are many kinds of capsule coating,which can be selected according to the operation needs.Then,several preparation methods of encapsulated gel breaker are introduced,including physical methods and chemical methods.The physical methods include fluidized bed and drum spraying method mainly,and the chemical method is to prepare capsule mainly according to the principle of in-situ polymerization on the surface of capsule core.There are three kinds of release mechanisms :extrusion crushing release,osmotic release and chemical dissolution release.The three mechanisms are compared,and the release mechanisms under different construction and formation conditions are pointed out.Then the typical field application case is introduced.It can be seen that the product properties and technology of the encapsulated gel breaker will have impact on the application results.Finally,reasonable suggestions on the production method of the encapsulated gel breaker are given.It is neces-sary to study further on capsule core and capsule coating materials,and preparation technology of the encapsulated gel breaker can take the mature technology of microcapsule in drug preparation as reference.

关 键 词：释放机理 药物制剂 过硫酸盐 囊衣 化学溶蚀 挤压破碎 物理法 喷涂法 

分 类 号：TE357.12[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]