个人所得税激励与企业创新  

Can Individual Income Tax Incentive Promote Enterprise Innovation?

作　　者：程小可[1] 孙乾[1] 高升好 CHENG Xiaoke;SUN Qian;GAO Shenghao(School of Economic and Management,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;School of Accounting,Southwestern University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044 [2]西南财经大学会计学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国软科学》2021年第6期103-119,共17页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“高铁开通、要素流动与公司投资行为研究”(71872010);国家自然科学基金面上项目“市场化环境对企业创新投资效率的影响机理研究:宏微观视角”(71572009)。

摘　　要：如何精准挖掘企业创新的关键影响因素,对于切实发挥创新驱动经济的引擎作用至关重要。本文以2006-2017年沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,采用双重差分法实证检验了地方个人所得税优惠政策于企业创新活动的影响。研究结果表明,地方个人所得税优惠政策的实施主要通过“促进人才引进”和“提高员工忠诚”显著提升当地上市公司的创新产出。进一步研究表明,该提升作用主要体现在发明专利与实用新型专利中。此外,当地方个人所得税优惠政策面向创新人员时,相关优惠政策对企业创新产出的促进作用更为明显。本文从宏观税收政策视角拓展了企业创新影响因素的研究范畴,为政策制定者完善创新支持政策提供了有益参考。How to accurately excavate the key influencing factors of enterprise innovation is crucial to play the engine role of innovation driving economy.Based on the data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2006 to 2017,this paper adopts the Difference-in Difference method to empirically test the impact of local individual income tax preferential policies on enterprise innovation output.The results show that the implementation of local individual income tax preferential policies has significantly improved the innovation output of local listed companies,which has been accepted by the robustness tests.In mechanism analysis,this paper finds that local individual income tax preferential policies affect the innovation output of enterprises through two paths of “promoting talent introduction”and“enhancing staff loyalty”.Further test results show that the implementation of local individual income tax preferential policies improves the corporate innovation output of invention patent and utility model patent,but has no significant promoting effect on design patent.Besides,when the local individual income tax relief policy only applies to the innovators,it can improve the corporate innovation output more significantly.From the perspective of macro tax policy,this paper expands the research scope of influencing factors of enterprise innovation and provides useful references for policy makers to improve innovation support policies.

关 键 词：个人所得税 地方政策 企业创新 

分 类 号：F275[经济管理—企业管理]