5种蒿属植物提取物对马铃薯晚疫病的抑菌活性研究  

Antifungal Activity of Extracts from 5 Artemisia Plants Against Phytophthora Infestans

作　　者：何彦仪 罗雨薇 许美滢 竺永金 郑红宇 胡世俊 闫晓慧[1] He Yanyi;Luo Yuwei;Xu Meiying;Zhu Yongjin;Zheng Hongyu;Hu Shijun;Yan Xiaohui(Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Province,College of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650233,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China,College of Forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650233,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院,云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,云南昆明650233 [2]西南林业大学林学院,西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业局重点实验室,云南昆明650233

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2021年第4期162-167,共6页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究重点项目(2019FA011)资助;国家自然科学基金项目(31560106)资助;云南省“高层次人才”项目资助。

摘　　要：以牛尾蒿、黑蒿、艾蒿、青蒿及茵陈蒿5种蒿属植物的乙醇提取物为供试药剂,采用带毒平板法测定蒿属植物的乙醇提取物对马铃薯晚疫病pn5502和pn7604菌株的抑菌活性,采用硅胶柱层析法对牛尾蒿的乙醇提取物的抑菌活性成分进行追踪,筛选抑制马铃薯晚疫病菌活性成分。结果表明:当各粗提物浓度为1 mg/mL时,对供试菌株均有一定的抑菌活性,其中牛尾蒿粗提物的抑菌活性最强,对菌株pn5502和pn7604的抑菌率分别为89.04%和71.38%。其中,馏分Fr_(1)浓度为0.5 mg/mL时,对2株菌的抑制活性高达100%。馏分Fr_(1)对pn5502的EC_(50)为7.4733μg/mL,对pn7604的EC_(50)为9.4634μg/mL。因此,5种蒿属植物的乙醇提取物对2株马铃薯晚疫病均有一定的抑菌活性,其中牛尾蒿馏分Fr1抑制作用最强,抑菌活性高于阳性对照药剂霜脲·锰锌,其抑菌活性成分值得进一步研究。The ethanol extracts from 5 Artemisia plants,including A.dubia,A.palustris,A.argyi,A.carvifolia and A.capillaris,were used to screen the active ingredients for the inhibition of Phytophthora infestans.The antifungal activities of ethanol extract of Artemisia plants against 2 strains of P.infestans(pn5502 and pn7604)were measured by radial growth assay,and the antifungal active component of ethanol extract of A.dubia was tracked by silica gel column chromatography.The findings indicated that at the concentration 1 mg/mL,all the tested extracts showed some degree of antifungal activities against the 2 strains P.infestans,and extract of A.dubia showed prominent antifungal activity with inhibition rate of 89.04%and 71.38%against pn5502 and pn7604,repectively.At the concentration of 0.5 mg/mL,the inhibition rate of Fr_(1) to both strains was up to 100%.The EC_(50) of Fr_(1) for pn5502 and pn7604 were determined by different concentration gradients test,they were 7.4733 g/mL and 9.4634 g/mL,respectively.The study concluded that the ethanol extracts of 5 species of Artemisia plants showed different degrees of antifungal activities against 2 strains of P.infestans.Fr_(1) of A.dubia showed the most significant antifungal activity,which was more effective than that of the positive control(cymoxanil·mancozeb),therefore the antifungal active components of A.dubia are worth further investigation.

关 键 词：牛尾蒿 马铃薯晚疫病 抑菌活性 带毒平板法 硅胶柱层析 

分 类 号：S4[农业科学—植物保护]