史学的学科性之思——历史哲学史的考察  

On the disciplinarity of historiography in terms of History of Historical Philosophy

作　　者：王志华 WANG Zhi-hua(School of Political Science and Law,Jing Gang Shan University,Ji'an 343009,Jiangxi)

机构地区：[1]井冈山大学政法学院,江西吉安343009

出　　处：《井冈山大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期120-127,共8页Journal of Jinggangshan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：井冈山大学博士科研启动项目(人文科学)“后现代历史哲学与历史碎片化研究”(项目编号:JRB1907)。

摘　　要：史学的学科性根植于其真理性。西方历史哲学史既是一个求索历史和史学真理的历程,也是一个为史学争学科地位的历程。1725年之前,史学被认为与真理无涉;自1725年始,以维柯、黑格尔等为代表的思辨历史哲学,论述了本体论意义上的历史真理理论;自1874年始,以柯林武德及沃尔什为代表的批判或分析的历史哲学,论述了认识论意义上的史学真理理论。这些真理理论,在逻辑上均无法自洽。自1973年始,以海登·怀特和安克斯密特为代表的叙事主义则直接把史学与文学等同起来,彻底割断了史学与真理的关系,从根本上消解了史学的学科性。尤其是在经过叙事主义的冲击之后,史学家追求“隐喻的真理”当是逻辑的必然。The disciplinarity of historiography is based on its truth.The history of western historical Philosophy is a course of searching for historical/historiographical truth,thus also of seeking the disciplinarity of historiography.Before 1725,historiography is universally considered irrelevant to truth.From 1725 on,speculative philosophy of history elaborated by Vico and Hegel and so on,presented several ontological theories of historical truth.Since 1874,critical or analytical philosophy of history expounded by R.G.Collingwood and W.H.Walsh and so on,put forward several models of historiographical interpretation.Unfortunately,these theories of truth were logically inconsistent.Since 1973,Hayden White and F.R.Ankersmit’s narrativism fundamentally deconstructed the disciplinarity of historiography by completely cutting off the relationship between historiography and truth as a result of seeing historiography the same as literature.It seems logically sure that historiography has everything to do with"metaphorical truth".

关 键 词：史学 学科性 真理 历史哲学 

分 类 号：K01[历史地理—历史学]