基于DEM的黄土高原地形纹理概念模型  

Conceptual Model of Terrain Texture in Loess Plateau based on DEM

作　　者：蒋圣 汤国安[1,2,3] 杨昕 熊礼阳[1,2,3] 钱程扬[1,2,3,4] JIANG Sheng;TANG Guoan;YANG Xing;XIONG Liyang;QIAN Chengyang(Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment,Ministry of Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Geography,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application,Nanjing 210023,China;Suzhou Industrial Park Survey,Mapping and Geoinformation Co.,Ltd,Suzhou 215027,China)

机构地区：[1]虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室(南京师范大学),南京210023 [2]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023 [3]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023 [4]苏州工业园区测绘地理信息有限公司,苏州215027

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2021年第6期959-968,共10页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41930102、41971333、41771415、41401440);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目。

摘　　要：黄土高原"千沟万壑"的地貌形态,在多尺度空间下表现出显著自相似性,具有"局部无规则,宏观有规律"的纹理特征。目前,黄土高原地形纹理的提取方法及应用已经得到初步发展,但依然缺乏在理论层面的框架体系。本文在已有学者研究成果的基础上,限定黄土高原为研究范围,明确提出黄土高原地形纹理的概念模型,即内涵、特征、分类及表达。将内涵进行扩展,除已有的宏观形态地形纹理外,提出黄土典型地貌单元(黄土塬、梁、峁等)特征组合形成的地形纹理,以及黄土坡面坡度特征形成的地形纹理;指出以数字高程模型为主的数据表达将更有利于地形纹理的量化,特别是基于DEM派生的坡面地形因子能够扩展地形纹理的特征空间,丰富地形纹理分析的数据源;明确地形纹理的基本特征,分别是区域差异性、成因复杂性和尺度依赖性;构建划分体系,以地形纹理的基元显著性、纹理成因以及可视化形态进行类别划分。本文以期构建面向黄土高原的地形纹理概念模型,推动纹理分析方法在黄土高原的应用和发展。The geomorphic characteristics of"thousands of gullies"in the Loess Plateau show significant self similarity in multi-scale space,and have obvious textural characteristics of local-irregular and macro-regular.Previous studies have shown that there have been specific research results on the selection of texture features,the uncertainty of scale effect,and the combination of texture features with other features in identification and classification of specific landforms.However,the current texture analysis methods are limited to the application of macro terrain classification.For the concept,classification,basic characteristics,and analysis methods of terrain texture,there is a lack of theoretical framework for application support.On the basis of the existing research results,this paper defines the Loess Plateau as the research scope,and puts forward the concept model of the Loess Plateau terrain texture,namely definition,characteristics,classification,and expression.In terms of the definition of terrain texture,this paper expands the scope of the definition.In addition to the existing macro morphological topographic texture,the terrain texture formed by the combination of the characteristics of typical loess geomorphic units(loess yuan,liang,mao,etc.)and the terrain texture formed by the slope characteristics of loess slope are proposed.This paper points out that the data expression based on Digital Elevation Model(DEM)will be more conducive to the quantification of terrain texture,especially the terrain factor derived from DEM can expand the feature space of terrain texture and enrich the data source of terrain texture analysis.In terms of the basic features of terrain texture,this paper puts forward three basic characteristics:regional difference,genetic complexity,and scale dependence.Among them,regional differences can be qualitatively distinguished by visualization or quantified by existing statistical methods,so as to effectively distinguish differences in texture between regions.In the classification system

关 键 词：黄土高原 地形纹理 概念模型 DEM 地形特征 多尺度 地表形态 纹理基元 地学信息图谱 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] P931.6[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]